__________ is a form of damage found mostly in older vintage carbon steels and C-0.5 Mo low alloy steels under the combined effects of deformation and aging at an intermediate temperature.

_______ is the primary alloying agent that affects resistance to oxidation.

Sulfur and chlorine species in fuel will form sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide and hydrogen chloride within the combustion products. At low enough temperatures, these gases and the water vapor in the flue gas will condense to form _________ acid.

In vessels and piping, creep cracking can occur where high metal temperatures and _________ occur together.

At elevated temperature, the carbide phases in certain carbon steels are unstable and may decompose into _______. This decomposition is known as graphitization.