When developing options for a business change, the business analyst must consider a range of solution types, which often fall into categories to ensure all possibilities are explored. While the exact naming conventions can vary, the following three core types are commonly considered and often named as:
Basic (or "Do Minimum") option: A low-cost, minimal-effort option to address the problem without major change (often including the "Do Nothing" or "Do Nothing Different" option for comparison).
Extended (or "Do Something" option): The preferred or main option, representing the full-scale, major change recommended to achieve the business objectives.
Executive (or "Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS)") option: An option based on purchasing an existing system or service, rather than custom-building a solution.Exhaustive option is NOT a standard or recognised category of business change option within the BCS syllabus.
(Reference: BCS Business Analysis Practice - Business Case, Identifying Options)

A customer journey is used to understand the experience from the customer's point of view as they interact with an organisation, product, service, or process. It helps identify customer touchpoints, expectations, frustrations, emotions, and pain points across the end-to-end journey. Although customer journey analysis may later highlight process improvements, its most direct purpose is not internal process redesign. Value chain analysis is used to understand organisational activities that create value, not customer experience. Balancing employee and customer interactions may be a secondary consideration, but it is not the core purpose. The customer journey technique is especially useful in service improvement, digital transformation, and customer experience work because it exposes what the customer sees and feels, rather than only what the organisation's internal process model shows.

A Requirements Catalogue (or Requirements Specification) serves as the central repository for all documented requirements for a solution. BCS guidance categorises requirements hierarchically. At the highest level are the Business Requirements (often called General Requirements (c) and Technical Requirements (d)).
These constrain the lower-level Solution Requirements, which consist of Functional Requirements (a) (what the system must do) and Non-functional Requirements (b) (quality attributes like performance, security, and usability). Since the catalogue aims to provide a complete picture of the business need and the proposed solution ' s capabilities, it must contain all four categories: Functional, Non-functional, General (Business), and Technical requirements.
(Reference: BCS Requirements Engineering - Requirements Categorisation and Documentation)

A mission statement defines the organization's purpose and primary objectives, often focusing on what the organization does and how it operates in the present. In contrast, a vision statement outlines the long-term aspirations of the organization-what it aims to become in the future. The mission provided-"To meet or undercut all our competitors' prices"-is focused on price competitiveness, which is a tactical approach rather than a strategic aspiration.
Let's analyze each option:
A . To offer the best value office fitting service: While this aligns somewhat with the mission, it is more of a value proposition or operational goal rather than a visionary statement. It lacks the aspirational and long-term focus that defines a vision.
B . To reduce the cost of office fitting by 5%: This is a specific, measurable objective, but it is too narrow and tactical to qualify as a vision. Visions are broader and not tied to specific metrics.
C . To increase the company's market share: Increasing market share is a strategic goal, but it is still an intermediate step toward achieving something greater. It does not capture the overarching ambition of the company.
D . To be the premier office fitting company: This option reflects a long-term aspiration and aligns with the characteristics of a vision statement. It expresses the desire to achieve leadership and excellence in the industry, which is consistent with the mission of being competitive on price while aiming for a higher status.
According to the BCS Business Analysis Framework , a vision statement should inspire and guide the organization toward its ultimate goal. Therefore, D is the most appropriate choice.

Value chain analysis examines how an organisation creates value for customers through a set of linked activities. Porter's value chain separates activities into primary activities and support activities.
Primary activities are directly involved in creating, delivering, marketing, and servicing products or services, such as inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and service.
Support activities enable the primary activities to operate effectively, such as procurement, technology development, human resource management, and infrastructure. Activity sampling is an investigation technique, not a value chain category. Stakeholder management concerns engagement with stakeholder groups and does not show operational value creation. The phrase "primary and secondary activities" is not the standard value chain distinction. The correct terminology is primary activities and support activities.