The stock __________ is a close substitute for a cash dividend.

Assume the neutral rate of interest is considered to be 4.5% at the moment. The current interest rate is at 6%. The central bank decides to lower the interest rate to be 5.5%. The central bank's current monetary policy is:

The World Bank uses ______ for industry classification.

Which of the following is an unsecured promissory note issued by corporations?

Operating profit is equal to ________.