Explanation
Before connecting security devices to the network, it is crucial to address default settings first. Manufacturers often ship devices with default settings that include default usernames, passwords, and configurations. These settings are widely known and can be easily exploited by attackers. Changing default settings helps to secure the device and prevent unauthorized access. Reference: CompTIA Security+ SY0-501 Exam Objectives, Section 3.2: "Given a scenario, implement secure systems design." (https://www.comptia.jp/pdf/Security%2B%20SY0-501%20Exam%20Objectives.pdf)

Explanation
A log collector can collect logs from various sources, such as servers, devices, applications, or network components, and forward them to a central source for analysis and storage23.

Explanation
A captive portal is a web page that requires visitors to authenticate or agree to an acceptable use policy before allowing access to the network. By capturing visitors' MAC addresses and names, potential malicious activity can be traced back to a specific person.

Explanation
NAC stands for network access control, which is a security solution that enforces policies and controls on devices that attempt to access a network. NAC can help prevent unauthorized devices from accessing the internal network by verifying their identity, compliance, and security posture before granting them access.
NAC can also monitor and restrict the activities of authorized devices based on predefined rules and roles.
References: https://www.comptia.org/certifications/security#examdetails
https://www.comptia.org/content/guides/comptia-security-sy0-601-exam-objectives
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/what-is-network-access-control-nac.html

Explanation
Mitigating controls are designed to reduce the impact or severity of an event that has occurred or is likely to occur. They do not prevent or detect the event, but rather limit the damage or consequences of it. For example, a backup system is a mitigating control that can help restore data after a loss or corruption.
In this case, the company is focused on reducing risks from removable media threats, which are threats that can compromise data security, introduce malware infections, or cause media failure123. Removable media threats can be used to bypass network defenses and target industrial/OT environments2. The company cannot prohibit removable media entirely because of certain primary applications that require them, so it implements mitigating controls to lessen the potential harm from these threats.
Some examples of mitigating controls for removable media threats are:
* Encrypting data on removable media
* Scanning removable media for malware before use
* Restricting access to removable media ports
* Implementing policies and procedures for removable media usage and disposal
* Educating users on the risks and best practices of removable media