SMS-based authentication is considered to be the least secure among the given options. This is because SMS messages can be intercepted or redirected by attackers through techniques such as SIM swapping, man-in-the-middle attacks, or exploiting weaknesses in the SS7 protocol used by mobile networks. Additionally, SMS messages can be compromised if a user's phone is lost, stolen, or infected with malware. In contrast, TOTP (Time-based One-Time Password), HOTP (HMAC-based One-Time Password), and token keys are more secure as they rely on cryptographic algorithms or physical devices to generate one-time use codes, which are less susceptible to interception or unauthorized access. Reference: 1. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). (2017). Digital Identity Guidelines: Authentication and Lifecycle Management (NIST SP 800-63B). https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-63b.pdf

The company should implement Data Loss Prevention (DLP) to prevent employees from stealing data when accessing network shares. Reference:
CompTIA Security+ Study Guide Exam SY0-601, Chapter 8

Containment is the next step according to the incident response process after identifying affected devices that are running a malicious application with a unique hash. Containment involves isolating the compromised devices or systems from the rest of the network to prevent the spread of the attack and limit its impact. Containment can be done by disconnecting the devices from the network, blocking network traffic to or from them, or applying firewall rules or access control lists. Containment is a critical step in incident response because it helps to preserve evidence for further analysis and remediation, and reduces the risk of data loss or exfiltration
https://www.fortinet.com/resources/cyberglossary/incident-response
https://www.ibm.com/topics/incident-response

A Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) system is a tool that collects and analyzes security-related data from various sources to detect and respond to security incidents. Reference: CompTIA Security+ Study Guide 601, Chapter 5

EAP-FAST (Extensible Authentication Protocol-Flexible Authentication via Secure Tunneling) supports mutual authentication and is designed to simplify the deployment of strong, password-based authentication. EAP-FAST includes a mechanism for detecting rogue access points. Reference:
CompTIA Security+ Study Guide Exam SY0-601, Chapter 4