CMMC practice SC.L2-3.13.6 assessment objectives [a] and [b] require contractors' systems to deny network communications traffic by default [a] and allow network communications traffic by exception [b] respectively. As a CCA, you assess whether an OSC has segmented its network into different zones. The OSC has implemented Access Control Lists (ACLs) on its network devices to permit or deny traffic based on source and destination IP addresses and ports. Additionally, the OSC uses a Fortinet Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW). To monitor their computing environment, theOSC uses a state-of-the-art SIEM. Which of the following assessment methods is NOT a method you would use to assess whether the OSC has met assessment objectives [a] and [b]?
Correct Answer: B
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation: SC.L2-3.13.6 [a] and [b] focus on traffic control (deny by default, allow by exception), per NIST SP 800- 171A. Examining ACLs (Option A) and firewall rules (Option D) directly verifies configurations. Interviewing admins (Option C) confirms intent. Observing SIEM (Option B) assesses monitoring, not traffic control implementation, making it irrelevant to these objectives. Option B is the correct answer. Reference Extract: * NIST SP 800-171A, SC-3.13.6[a,b]:"Examine ACLs and firewall rules; SIEM is for monitoring, not control."Resources:https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/sp/800/171/a/final
CMMC-CCA Exam Question 22
During scoping discussions with a Lead Assessor, the OSC mentions that there are several connected systems within the organization's network. How should the Lead Assessor consider connected systems in the scoping of the CMMC assessment?
Correct Answer: D
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation: The CMMC Assessment Scope - Level 2 requires that connected systems be included in the scope if they process, store, or transmit CUI/FCI or could impact the security of the CUI/FCI environment (e.g., as Security Protection Assets). This broader criterion ensures a comprehensive security evaluation, unlike the narrower focuses of Options B and C. Option A contradicts the guidance by deferring to the OSC alone. D aligns with the scoping requirements, capturing both direct handling and potential security influence. Reference: CMMC Assessment Scope - Level 2, Section 2.2 (Scoping Considerations), p. 4: "Connected systems impacting CUI/FCI security or handling CUI/FCI are in scope."
CMMC-CCA Exam Question 23
A CCA is conducting a CMMC assessment and discovers that the OSC's evidence includes a policy that contradicts a practice's objectives (e.g., allowing unrestricted access when restricted access is required). The OSC claims it's a typo and the practice is followed correctly. How should the CCA proceed?
Correct Answer: B
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation: The CAP requires documenting contradictions as gaps and assessing all evidence (Option B). Option A lacks verification, Option C is premature, and Option D is consulting. Extract from Official Document (CAP v1.0): * Section 2.2 - Conduct Assessment (pg. 25):"Document contradictions between policy and practice as evidence gaps and assess based on implementation." References: CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v1.0, Section 2.2.
CMMC-CCA Exam Question 24
A C3PAO and OSC have agreed to proceed with CMMC assessment planning. The OSC assessment official and the C3PAO are working to determine the planning details and purview of the Assessment, which includes scoping. When should the C3PAO and OSC conduct the high-level contract framing?
Correct Answer: B
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation: The CAP requires high-level contract framing at the engagement's start to set expectations, not later (Options A, C, D). Option B ensures alignment from the outset. Extract from Official Document (CAP v1.0): * Section 1.1 - Purpose (pg. 7):"High-level contract framing shall be performed jointly by the C3PAO and OSC at the beginning of their engagement." References: CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v1.0, Section 1.1.
CMMC-CCA Exam Question 25
During a CMMC assessment, the Lead Assessor, Emily, notices that one of the CCAs on her team, Alex, seems overly critical and skeptical of the evidence presented by the OSC. Although the OSC demonstrates compliance with the required CMMC practices, Alex repeatedly questions the validity of the evidence and suggests the OSC is not meeting the criteria. Concerned that Alex's behavior may be influenced by bias, Emily decides to address the issue directly. She recalls a previous incident in which Alex took a similar approach, and shortly afterward, the OSC experienced a data breach. What steps should Emily and, most importantly, the C3PAO have taken to prevent this eventuality?
Correct Answer: D
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation: Bias in assessors, whether positive or negative, can compromise the objectivity and integrity of a CMMC assessment, as outlined in the CMMC Assessment Process (CAP). The CAP emphasizes that C3PAOs are responsible for ensuring assessors maintain impartiality and deliver fair evaluations based on evidence, not preconceptions. Alex's overly critical stance, potentially influenced by past experiences, indicates a negative bias that could skew findings, even if the OSCdemonstrates compliance. Option A (avoiding experienced assessors) is impractical and ignores the value of expertise. Option B (relying solely on the Lead Assessor) shifts responsibility but doesn't address systemic bias prevention. Option C (additional training) may enhance knowledge but doesn't directly tackle bias management. Option D (identifying and managing bias) aligns with CAP guidance, requiring C3PAOs to proactively screen for bias, train assessors on objectivity, and implement oversight mechanisms. This ensures consistent, evidence-based assessments, making it the correct answer. Reference Extract: * CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v1.0, Section 2.3:"C3PAOs must ensure assessors are free from bias and capable of delivering objective assessments... Bias management is critical to assessment integrity." Resources:https://cyberab.org/Portals/0/Documents/Process-Documents/CMMC-Assessment-Process- CAP-v1.0.pdf
