Explanation/Reference:

Asymmetric encryption, also known as public-key cryptography, uses a pair of keys-a public key and a private key-to encrypt and decrypt data. This method is widely used for securing small amounts of data, such as digital signatures. In asymmetric encryption:
* The public key is used to encrypt the data.
* The private key is used to decrypt the data.
Digital signatures utilize asymmetric encryption to ensure the integrity and authenticity of a message. When a sender signs a document with their private key, the recipient can verify the signature using the sender's public key, confirming that the document was indeed signed by the sender and has not been altered.
References:
* EC-Council Certified Network Defender (CND) Study Guide
* Cryptography and Network Security Principles

Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) is a Network layer protocol used to obtain an IP address for a given hardware (MAC) address. RARP is sort of the reverse of an ARP. Common protocols that use RARP are BOOTP and DHCP. Answer option D is incorrect. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a network maintenance protocol of the TCP/IP protocol suite. It is responsible for the resolution of IP addresses to media access control (MAC) addresses of a network interface card (NIC). The ARP cache is used to maintain a correlation between a MAC address and its corresponding IP address. ARP provides the protocol rules for making this correlation and providing address conversion in both directions. ARP is limited to physical network systems that support broadcast packets. Answer option B is incorrect. Protocol-Independent Multicast (PIM) is a family of multicast routing protocols for Internet Protocol (IP) networks that provide one-to-many and many-to-many distribution of data over a LAN, WAN, or the Internet. It is termed protocol-independent because PIM does not include its own topology discovery mechanism, but instead uses routing information supplied by other traditional routing protocols, such as Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). Answer option A is incorrect. The Internet Protocol (IP) is a protocol used for communicating data across a packet-switched inter-network using the Internet Protocol Suite, also referred to as TCP/IP. IP is the primary protocol in the Internet Layer of the Internet Protocol Suite and has the task of delivering distinguished protocol datagrams (packets) from the source host to the destination host solely based on their addresses. For this purpose, the Internet Protocol defines addressing methods and structures for datagram encapsulation. The first major version of addressing structure, now referred to as Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4), is still the dominant protocol of the Internet, although the successor, Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6), is being deployed actively worldwide.