Interface Pair View organizes policies grouped by source and destination interfaces, whereas By Sequence View displays policies in the exact order they are processed by the firewall.

The default gateway is configured on port2 → The debug output shows find a route:
flag=00000000 gw-0.0.0.0 via port2, which indicates that the default route (0.0.0.0/0) points out port2.
The matching firewall policy denies the traffic → The log line Denied by forward policy check (policy 2) confirms that policy 2 matched and explicitly dropped the traffic.

You can keep port 443 for SSL VPN on one interface and also use port 443 for HTTPS admin access on a different interface. Since the services are bound to different interfaces, no conflict occurs.
If both SSL VPN and HTTPS admin access are required on the same interface, you must change the port number for one of the services to avoid a port conflict.

In the Application and Filter Overrides, the Excessive-Bandwidth filter (set to Block) is priority 1, and Google (set to Monitor) is priority 2. Since overrides are evaluated by priority, Google traffic is being blocked by the higher-priority rule. Moving Google to the top (priority 1) ensures it is matched first, allowing access while still monitoring it.

You can also add rate-based signatures to block specific traffic when the threshold is exceeded.
On the CLI, If you set the command rate-mode to periodical, FortiGate triggers the action when the threshold is reached during the configured Duration time period.