* Traffic Direction through GWLB Endpoint:
* The ingress route table directs inbound traffic to the GWLB through a GWLB endpoint (GWLBe). This endpoint is responsible for directing traffic to the Gateway Load Balancer for further processing (Option B).
* GENEVE Encapsulation:
* The GWLB encapsulates the inbound traffic using the GENEVE protocol. This encapsulated traffic is then sent to FortiGate instances for security inspection. The use of GENEVE ensures that the original traffic context is preserved and can be analyzed by FortiGate (Option D).
* Other Options Analysis:
* Option A is incorrect because GWLB does not forward traffic without encapsulation in its dedicated subnet.
* Option C is incorrect as the inbound traffic is directed to the GWLB endpoint first, not directly to the application subnet.
References:
* AWS Gateway Load Balancer Documentation: AWS GWLB
* GENEVE Protocol Overview: GENEVE Protocol

* Invalid Credentials:
* The debug output shows an "AuthFailure" error, indicating that AWS was not able to validate the provided access credentials. This usually points to incorrect or invalid AWS access or secret keys configured in the AWS Lab SDN connector (Option C).
* Clock Skew:
* Another common reason for authentication failures in AWS API calls is a clock skew between the FortiGate device and AWS. AWS requires that the system time of the client making the API call is synchronized with its own time, within a small margin. If there is a significant time difference, AWS will reject the credentials (Option B).
* Other Options Analysis:
* Option A is incorrect because the AWS API supports XML version 1.0.
* Option D is incorrect as the error message does not indicate an issue with connecting on port 401.
* Option E is incorrect because the error is related to authentication, not the absence of instances.
References:
* AWS API Authentication: AWS API Security
* FortiGate AWS Integration Guide: FortiGate AWS Integration

* Load Balancer Configuration Overview:
* The provided configuration indicates that the ELB is an internet-facing load balancer.
* Multi-AZ Load Balancing:
* The load balancer is configured to distribute traffic across multiple availability zones (A, B, and C), ensuring high availability and fault tolerance (Option A).
* Accessing Targets via DNS:
* The DNS name of the load balancer (LabELB-716e15332f6401f8.elb.us-east-2.amazonaws.com) can be used to reach the targets behind the ELB, facilitating traffic routing to the appropriate instances (Option C).
* Comparison with Other Options:
* Option B is incorrect as the ARN is not used to access the load balancer directly.
* Option D is incorrect because the load balancer is configured for internet-facing traffic, not just internal VPC traffic.
References:
* AWS Elastic Load Balancer Documentation: AWS ELB
* Understanding ELB DNS: AWS ELB DNS

* FortiSandbox Deployment:
* FortiSandbox for AWS deploys new EC2 instances to create isolated environments where it can safely execute and analyze suspicious files. These instances run custom Windows and Linux virtual machines specifically configured for sandboxing (Option D).
* Sandboxing Process:
* The process involves sending potential malware to these isolated VMs, executing it, and monitoring its behavior to detect malicious activities. The results are then captured and analyzed to provide detailed threat intelligence.
* Other Options Analysis:
* Option A is incorrect because FortiSandbox for AWS operates entirely within the AWS environment and does not require an on-premises manager.
* Option B is incorrect as the FortiSandbox manager is not installed on the AWS platform for managing on-premises instances.
* Option C is incorrect because FortiSandbox requires sufficient resources to perform the actual sandboxing and analysis tasks.
References:
* FortiSandbox for AWS Documentation: FortiSandbox
* Sandboxing Concepts: Sandboxing

* ENI Attachment Across Availability Zones:
* Elastic Network Interfaces (ENIs) are associated with a specific Availability Zone. They cannot be attached to instances that are in a different Availability Zone than where the ENI was created.
Therefore, an ENI created in Availability Zone 1 cannot be attached to an instance in Availability Zone 2 (Option A).
* ENI Reattachment:
* ENIs can be detached from one instance and reattached to another instance within the same Availability Zone. This flexibility allows for network interface configuration to be preserved across instance changes within the same AZ.
* Other Options Analysis:
* Option B is incorrect because an ENI can be reattached to any instance in the same AZ.
* Option C is incorrect as the primary ENI (eth0) cannot be detached from an instance.
* Option D is incorrect because when an ENI is moved, the traffic is directed to the new instance, and there is no redirection to the old instance.
References:
* AWS ENI Documentation: Elastic Network Interfaces
* AWS Networking Best Practices: AWS Networking