One of the ways to map a targeted network for live hosts is by sending an ICMP ECHO request to the broadcast or the network address. The request would be broadcasted to all hosts on the targeted network. The live hosts will send an ICMP ECHO Reply to the attacker's source IP address.
You send a ping request to the broadcast address 192.168.5.255.

There are 40 computers up and running on the target network. Only 13 hosts send a reply while others do not. Why?

StackGuard (as used by Immunix), ssp/ProPolice (as used by OpenBSD), and Microsoft's /GS option use _____ defense against buffer overflow attacks.

E-mail tracking is a method to monitor and spy the delivered e-mails to the intended recipient.

Select a feature, which you will NOT be able to accomplish with this probe?

Blane is a security analyst for a law firm. One of the lawyers needs to send out an email to a client but he wants to know if the email is forwarded on to any other recipients. The client is explicitly asked not to re-send the email since that would be a violation of the lawyer's and client's agreement for this particular case. What can Blane use to accomplish this?

Blane is a network security analyst for his company. From an outside IP, Blane performs an XMAS scan using Nmap. Almost every port scanned does not illicit a response. What can he infer from this kind of response?