Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
The delay in initiating on-premises deployments is likely caused by slow artifact retrieval. Using a local artifact repository:
Reduces dependency on external storage (e.g., Artifact Registry in GCP).
Speeds up deployments by ensuring artifacts are read from a closer, low-latency source.
#Why not other options?
A (Blue-green deployment strategy)## Helps with zero-downtime deployments but doesn't address slow initiation.
B (Upgrading CPUs and memory)## CPU/RAM are not the issue (since resource utilization is normal).
C (Increasing Jenkins executor threads)## Would help only if Jenkins was the bottleneck, but the issue is artifact retrieval.
#Official Reference:
Best Practices for Artifact Management in Jenkins

The best way to prevent severe incidents from happening in the future is to ensure that test cases that catch errors of this type are run successfully before new software releases. This is aligned with the Site Reliability Engineering principle of testing for reliability.

https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/access/service-
accounts#associating_a_service_account_to_an_instance

a latency SLO is a service level objective that specifies a target level of responsiveness for a web application1. A latency SLO can be expressed as a percentile of latency over a time window, such as the 90th percentile of latency over 28 days2. A percentile of latency is the maximum amount of time that a given percentage of requests take to complete. For example, the 90th percentile of latency is the maximum amount of time that 90% of requests take to complete3.
To define a latency SLO, you need to consider the following factors24:
The expectations and satisfaction of your customers. You want to set a latency SLO that reflects the level of performance that your customers are happy with and willing to pay for.
The current and historical measurements of your latency. You want to set a latency SLO that is based on data and realistic for your web application.
The trade-offs and costs of improving your latency. You want to set a latency SLO that balances the benefits of faster response times with the costs of engineering work, infrastructure, and complexity.
Based on these factors, the best option for defining a latency SLO for your web application is option B.
Option B sets the latency SLO to match the current measurement of your latency, which means that you are meeting the expectations and satisfaction of your customers. Option B also sets a realistic and achievable target for your web application, which means that you do not need to invest extra resources or effort to improve your latency. Option B also aligns with the best practice of setting conservative SLOs, which means that you have some buffer or margin for error in case your latency fluctuates or degrades5.

The best option for configuring Cloud Logging to log each IP address that accesses the API by using the fewest number of steps is to enable logging on the firewall rule. A firewall rule is a rule that controls the traffic to and from your Compute Engine instances. You can enable logging on a firewall rule to capture information about the traffic that matches the rule, such as source and destination IP addresses, protocols, ports, and actions. You can use Cloud Logging to view and export the firewall logs to other destinations, such as BigQuery, for further analysis.