Which of the following conditions are necessary for successful change management?
1. Decisions and necessary actions are taken promptly.
2. The traditions of the organization are respected.
3. Changes result in improvement or reform.
4. Internal and external communications are controlled.

An internal auditor is performing analytical reviews as part of an audit of a supermarket's merchandising department. Because the economy has declined since midyear, the auditor can expect to encounter which of the following?

A snow removal company is conducting a scenario planning exercise where participating employees consider the potential impacts of a significant reduction in annua snowfall for the coming winter. Which of the following best describes this type of risk?

It is close to the fiscal year end for a government agency, and the chief audit executive (CAE) has the following items to submit to either the board or the chief executive officer (CEO) for approval. According to IIA guidance, which of the following items should be submitted only to the CEO?

Which of the following are the most common characteristics of big data?