Ensuring an organization's risk management program remains effective over time is most critically supported by conducting a combination of ongoing risk reviews and individual evaluations. This approach allows for continuous monitoring and updating of the risk landscape, ensuring that the risk management processes adapt to changes in both internal and external conditions.
IIA guidance on effective risk management practices

A significant threat to internal audit objectivity arises when the chief audit executive reports directly to the chief financial officer, especially if the CFO previously led the internal audit activity. This reporting relationship can undermine the independence necessary for objective audits, as the CFO might influence the scope or outcome of audit engagements to suit certain financial reporting outcomes or to cover previous decisions made while in charge of internal audit.
The IIA's International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing on independence and objectivity.

The review requested by the manager of the payroll department, focusing solely on the processes related to the approval of time worked, is best classified as a Compliance Assurance Engagement. This type of engagement aims to ensure that specific processes comply with established policies, procedures, or regulations - in this case, those related to payroll approvals. The emphasis on adherence to established guidelines and rules characterizes this as a compliance engagement rather than financial, operational, or risk management consulting.
IIA guidance on different types of audit engagements.

Among the survey questions provided, the most effective for identifying ethics violations is: Does your supervisor comply with laws and regulations affecting the organization? This question directly addresses compliance and ethical behavior of supervisors, which is crucial for setting an ethical tone at the top and ensuring organizational integrity.
* Option A: Relates to performance targets and is not directly about ethics.
* Option B: Focuses on skills and training, which are important but not specific to ethics.
* Option D: Concerns resources and time, not directly addressing ethical violations.
IIA's Practice Guide on "Auditing Culture".
Compliance and Ethics Programs guidance.

Conformance with The IIA's Code of Ethics is mandatory for internal auditors because it provides the basis for stakeholder trust and confidence in the validity of the profession of internal auditing and the internal audit activity's findings. Ethical behavior in internal auditing ensures that auditors are trusted by those who rely on their conclusions, advice, and information, thereby enhancing the integrity and credibility of the audit results.
Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) - International Professional Practices Framework (IPPF)