If sales are US $50 million, 70% of which are on credit, total credit sales will be US $35 million. The receivables turnover equals 4.8 times per year 360 days - 75-day collection period). Receivables turnover equals net credit sales divided by average receivables. Accordingly, average receivables equal US $7,291.667 $35,000,000 - 4.8). Under the new policy, sales will be US $47.5 million 95% x $50,000,000), and credit sales will be US $28.5 million 60% x $47,500,000). The collection period will be reduced to 50 days, resulting in a turnover of 7.2 times per year 360 - 50). The average receivables balance will therefore be US $3,958,333 ($28,500,000 - 7.2), a reduction of US $3,333,334 $7,291.667 $3,958,333).

Both advertising and sales salaries should be classified as fixed costs. The advertising was constant for 3 of the 4 months and would be considered fixed in terms of monetary unit sales. Sales salaries also did not vary with monetary unit sales. A company manufactures and sells a single product. Planned and actual production in its first year of operation was 100,000 units. Planned and actual costs for that year were as:

The company sold 85,0u0 units of product at a selling price of US $30 per unit.

Organizational decline has been found to have the following characteristics: greater 7 centralization lack of long-term planning, reduced innovation, scapegoating, resistance to change, high turnover of competent leaders, low morale, nonprioritized downsizing, and conflict. Reversing these characteristics is the key to reversing organizational decline, for example, by encouraging innovation in all aspects of the organization's activities and by redeploying personnel.