The primary advantage of object-oriented technology is enhanced efficiency due to the re-use of elements of logic. Object-oriented technology is a software design model that uses objects, which contain both data and code, to create modular and reusable programs. Objects can be inherited from other objects, which reduces duplication and improves maintainability. Grouping objects into methods for data access, managing sequential program execution for data access, and managing a restricted variety of data types for a data object are not advantages of object-oriented technology. References: ISACA CISA Review Manual 27th Edition, page 304

The best option to support the organization's objectives of protecting data confidentiality while transporting data is encryption. Encryption is a process of transforming data into an unreadable form using a secret key or algorithm, so that only authorized parties can access the original data. Encryption protects the confidentiality of data in transit by preventing unauthorized interception,modification, or disclosure of the data. Encryption can also help comply with data privacy and security regulations, such as the GDPR and HIPAA.
The other options are not as effective as encryption in protecting data confidentiality while transporting data.
Cryptographic hashes are mathematical functions that generate a fixed-length output from an input, but they do not encrypt the data. Hashes are used to verify the integrity and authenticity of data, but they do not prevent unauthorized access to the data. Virtual local area network (VLAN) is a logical grouping of network devices that share the same broadcast domain, but they do not encrypt the data. VLANs can improve network performance and security by isolating traffic, but they do not protect the data from being intercepted or modified by external attackers. Dedicated lines are physical connections that provide exclusive access to a network or service, but they do not encrypt the data. Dedicated lines can offer higher bandwidth and reliability, but they do not guarantee the confidentiality of the data from being compromised by physical tampering or eavesdropping.
References:
* ISACA, CISA Review Manual, 27th Edition, 2019, p. 2471
* ISACA, CISA Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Database - 12 Month Subscription2
* Data Security and Confidentiality Guidelines - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention3
* Information Security | Confidentiality - GeeksforGeeks4

Requiring documentation that the finding will be addressed within the new system is the best course of action for a follow-up audit. An IS auditor should obtain evidence that the complex security vulnerability of low risk will be resolved in the new system and that there is a reasonable timeline for its implementation. The other options are not appropriate courses of action, as they may be too costly, time-consuming, or impractical for a low-risk finding. References:
* CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 2, Section 2.5.31
* CISA Review Questions, Answers& Explanations Database, Question ID 209

The most important consideration when assessing the adequacy of management's remediation action plan is the criticality of the audit findings, as this reflects the level of risk and impact that the findings pose to the organization's objectives, performance, and value. The IS auditor should evaluate whether the remediation action plan addresses the root causes, mitigates the risks, and resolves the issues of the audit findings in a timely and effective manner. The IS auditor should also consider the feasibility, reasonableness, and measurability of the remediation actions.
References
ISACA CISA Review Manual, 27th Edition, page 256
How to Write an Audit Finding - Dallas Chapter of the IIA
How to Write an Audit Report: 14 Steps (with Pictures) - wikiHow