Data analytics can be used to compare data from different sources and identify any discrepancies or anomalies. In this case, comparing a population of loans input in the origination system to loans booked on the servicing system can help detect any errors or frauds in the loan origination process. The other options are not examples of data analytics, but rather controls for data integrity, reconciliation, and error handling. References: CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 3, Section 3.3.2

The best recommendation for an IS auditor when finding that a third-party IT service provider hosts the organization's HR system in a foreign country is to conduct a privacy impact analysis. A privacy impact analysis is a systematic process that identifies and evaluates the potential risks and impacts of collecting, using, disclosing, and storing personal information. A privacy impact analysis will help the IS auditor to assess the legal, regulatory, contractual, and ethical obligations of the organization and the service provider regarding the protection of personal information. A privacy impact analysis will also help to identify and mitigate any privacy risks and gaps in the service level agreement. References:
* CISA Certification | CertifiedInformation Systems Auditor | ISACA
* CISA Questions, Answers & Explanations Database

IS auditors primarily provide assurance and oversight. In this context, independent reviews ensure that those responsible for the renovation project are meeting their obligations, following best practices, and managing risks appropriately.
References:
ISACA's Code of Professional Ethics: Emphasizes the IS Auditor's duty to be independent and objective.
The Role of IS Audit: IS Auditors are not project managers but provide objective assessment and guidance regarding controls and risk mitigation within projects.
CISA Review Manual (27th Edition): May have sections discussing the role of IS auditors in infrastructure projects or similar initiatives.

A certificate authority (CA) is critical in a public key cryptographic system for mitigating man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks. It ensures that public keys are authentic by issuing digital certificates, which bind a public key to an entity. The CA's role in verifying identities and providing trust anchors prevents attackers from spoofing keys.
* Strong Encryption Algorithms (Option A):Encryption ensures confidentiality but does not address spoofing risks.
* Kerberos Authentication (Option B):Useful for mutual authentication but not central to public key infrastructure (PKI).
* Registration Authority (Option C):Supports the CA but does not directly prevent MITM attacks.
Reference:ISACA CISA Review Manual, Job Practice Area 4: Protection of Information Assets.