Changes to the job scheduler application's parameters are not approved and reviewed by an operations supervisor. This is a serious control weakness that could compromise the integrity, availability, and security of the IT operations. An IS auditor should be concerned about the lack of oversight and accountability for such changes, which could result in unauthorized, erroneous, or malicious modifications that affect the processing environment. The other options are less critical issues that may not have a significant impact on the IT operations. References:
* CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 4, Section 4.2.3.11
* CISA Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Database, Question ID 202

In reviewing the IT strategic plan, the IS auditor should consider whether it identifies the major IT initiatives that are aligned with the organization's vision, mission, and objectives, and that support the business strategy and priorities12. The major IT initiatives should also be realistic, measurable, and achievable, and should have clear timelines, budgets, and responsibilities34.
References
1: IT Strategy Template for a Successful Strategic Plan | Gartner2 2: IT Strategy Template for a Successful Strategic Plan | Gartner4 3: Conduct a Strategic Plan Review & Assessment - Governance3 4: Time To Conduct A Strategy Review? Here's How To Get Started1

IT value analysis has not been completed is a finding from an IT governance review that should be of greatest concern. IT value analysis is a process of measuring and demonstrating the contribution of IT to the organization's goals and objectives. An IS auditor should be concerned about the lack of IT value analysis, as it may indicate that the IT investments and resources are not aligned with the business needs and expectations, or that the IT performance and outcomes are not monitored and evaluated. The other options are less critical findings that may not have a significant impact on the IT governance. References:
* CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 5, Section 5.11
* CISA Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Database, Question ID 218

An organization considering the outsourcing of a business application should first conduct a cost-benefit analysis to evaluate the feasibility, viability and desirability of the outsourcing decision. A cost-benefit analysis should compare the costs and benefits of outsourcing versus keeping the application in-house, taking into account factors such as financial, operational, strategic, legal, regulatory, security and quality aspects. A cost-benefit analysis should also identify the risks and opportunities associated with outsourcing, and provide a basis for defining the service level requirements, performing a vulnerability assessment, and issuing a request for proposal (RFP) in the subsequent stages of the outsourcing process. References: Info Technology
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