The best option to reduce the risk of unauthorized sharing of information during the due diligence process is B). Establishing mutual non-disclosure agreements (NDAs). This is because NDAs are legal contracts that bind the parties to keep confidential any information that is exchanged or disclosed during the due diligence process. NDAs can help to protect the sensitive data, intellectual property, trade secrets, or business strategies of both the organization and the third party from being leaked, stolen, or misused by unauthorized parties.
NDAs can also specify the terms and conditions for the use, storage, and disposal of the information, as well as the consequences for breaching the agreement.
References = CISM Review Manual 15th Edition, Chapter 3, Section 3.2.1, page 1341; CISM Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Manual 9th Edition, Question 70, page 18

The business process owner is the person who is responsible for overseeing and managing the business processes and functions that are essential for the organization's operations and objectives. The business process owner has the most direct and detailed knowledge of the inputs, outputs, dependencies, resources, and performance indicators of the business processes and functions. Therefore, the business process owner is the best person to calculate the recovery time and cost estimates when performing a business impact analysis (BIA), which is a process of identifying and quantifying the potential losses, damages, or consequences that could result from a disruption or an incident that affects the availability, integrity, or confidentiality of the information assets and systems that support the business processes and functions. The recovery time and cost estimates are the measures that indicate the time and money that are needed to resume and restore the normal business operations and functions after the disruption or incident. The recovery time and cost estimates can help to prioritize and protect the critical activities and resources, to allocate the appropriate budget and resources, to implement the necessary controls and measures, and to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the business continuity and disaster recovery plans.
The business continuity coordinator, the senior management, and the information security manager are all important roles in the BIA process, but they are not the best ones to calculate the recovery time and cost estimates. The business continuity coordinator is the person who is responsible for coordinating and facilitating the BIA process, as well as the development, implementation, and maintenance of the business continuity and disaster recovery plans. The business continuity coordinator can help to define and communicate the scope, objectives, and methodology of the BIA, to collect and analyze the data and information from the business process owners and other stakeholders, to report and present the BIA results and recommendations, and to provide feedback and suggestions for improvement and optimization of the BIA and the plans. The senior management is the group of people who have the ultimate authority and accountability for the organization's strategy, direction, and performance. The senior management can help to approve and support the BIA process and the plans, to provide the strategic guidance and vision for the business continuity and disaster recovery, to allocate the necessary budget and resources, to oversee and monitor the BIA and the plans, and to make the final decisions and approvals. The information security manager is the person who is responsible for ensuring the security of the information assets and systems that support the business processes and functions. The information security manager can help to identify and assess the information security risks and issues that could affect the BIA and the plans, to implement and manage the security controls and measures that are needed to protect and recover the information assets and systems, to coordinate and collaborate with the business process owners and other stakeholders on the security aspects of the BIA and the plans, and to provide the security expertise and advice. References = CISM Review Manual 15th Edition, pages 228-2291; CISM Practice Quiz, question 1722

Lessons learned analysis is the best way to enable an organization to enhance its incident response plan processes and procedures because it helps to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the current plan, capture the feedback and recommendations from the incident responders and stakeholders, and implement the necessary improvements and corrective actions for future incidents. Security risk assessments are not directly related to enhancing the incident response plan, but rather to identifying and evaluating the security risks and controls of the organization. Information security audits are not directly related to enhancing the incident response plan, but rather to verifying and validating the compliance and effectiveness of the security policies and standards of the organization. Key performance indicators (KPIs) are not directly related to enhancing the incident response plan, but rather to measuring and reporting the performance and progress of the security objectives and initiatives of the organization. References: https://www.isaca.org/resources/isaca-journal/issues
/2017/volume-5/incident-response-lessons-learned https://www.isaca.org/resources/isaca-journal/issues/2017
/volume-1/security-risk-assessment-for-a-cloud-based-enterprise-resource-planning-system https://www.isaca.
org/resources/isaca-journal/issues/2016/volume-6/how-to-measure-the-effectiveness-of-information-security- using-iso-27004 https://www.isaca.org/resources/isaca-journal/issues/2017/volume-3/how-to-measure-the- effectiveness-of-your-information-security-management-system

The most important outcome of effective risk treatment is the implementation of corrective actions that address the root causes of the risk and reduce its likelihood and/or impact to an acceptable level. Effective risk treatment does not necessarily eliminate the risk, but rather brings it within the organization's risk appetite and tolerance. Timely reporting of incidents and reduced cost of acquiring controls are desirable benefits of effective risk treatment, but they are not the primary outcome.
References: The CISM Review Manual 2023 defines risk treatment as "the process of selecting and implementing measures to modify risk" and states that "the objective of risk treatment is to implement corrective actions that will reduce the risk to a level that is acceptable to the enterprise" (p. 92). The CISM Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Manual 2023 also provides the following rationale for this answer: "Implementation of corrective actions is the correct answer because it is the most important outcome of effective risk treatment, as it ensures that the risk is managed in accordance with the organization's risk appetite and tolerance" (p. 28). Additionally, the Not All Risk Treatment Options Are the Same article from the ISACA Journal 2021 states that "risk treatment is the process of implementing corrective actions to address the root causes of the risk and to reduce the likelihood and/or impact of the risk" (p. 1)1.