Section: Volume D

Risk Appetite:
* Risk appetite is the amount and type of risk that an organization is willing to take in order to meet its objectives. It reflects the organization's risk tolerance and guides decision-making at all levels.
Impact of Market Changes:
* A change in the market situation can alter the risk landscape, potentially affecting the organization's ability to achieve its objectives. This might necessitate a reassessment of what level of risk is acceptable.
* Senior management needs to ensure that the risk appetite remains aligned with the new market conditions and organizational goals.
Reevaluation Process:
* Reevaluating the risk appetite involves assessing the organization's capacity to bear risk and determining
* if the current acceptable risk levels are still appropriate.
* This might involve more conservative or aggressive risk-taking strategies based on the new market dynamics.
Other Considerations:
* Risk Classification: This categorizes risks but does not directly address changes in acceptable risk levels.
* Risk Policy: While important, the policy outlines the approach to managing risk and is influenced by the risk appetite.
* Risk Strategy: This defines how risks are managed but should be aligned with the risk appetite.
References:
* The CRISC Review Manual emphasizes the importance of aligning risk appetite with the organization's strategic objectives and market conditions (CRISC Review Manual, Chapter 1: Governance, Section
1.10 Risk Appetite, Tolerance, and Capacity) .

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Segregation of duties (SOD) is a key component to maintaining a strong internal control environment because it reduces the risk of fraudulent transactions. When duties for a business process or transaction are segregated it becomes more difficult for fraudulent activity to occur because it would involve collusion among several employees.
Incorrect Answers:
A: An RMIS can be a very effective tool in monitoring all risk factors that impact the enterprise. The danger is that many important classes of risk may be omitted from consideration by the system. hence it doesn't ensure strong internal control environment.
C: Manual controls usually not form strong internal control environment. By not automating SOD controls, there is, potentially, the issue of these controls becoming a barrier in serving the customer. As manual authorizations are often time consuming and require another step in any business process, this takes time away from serving the customer.
Automated compliance solutions aim to provide enterprises with timely and efficient internal controls that do not disrupt their normal business process.
D: It is not directly related in maintaining strong internal control environment. The automated tools are typically used to address SOD and also to provide the enterprise with reporting functionality on SOD violations (i.e., detective controls) and to put in place preventive controls.

The FIRST thing that the organization should do to reduce the risk of data exposure when modifying its system to enable acceptance of credit card payments is to conduct a risk assessment, because it is a process that involves identifying and analyzing the potential risks, threats, and vulnerabilities that may affect the system and the data, and their likelihood and impact on the business objectives and processes. A risk assessment can help to determine the current risk level and exposure, and to provide the basis for selecting and implementing the appropriate risk responses and controls. The other options are not the first thing that the organization should do, because:
* Option B: Updating the security strategy is a result of conducting a risk assessment, but not the first thing that the organization should do. A security strategy is a plan that defines the security objectives, policies, standards, and procedures for the system and the data, and it should be aligned with the risk assessment results and the business requirements and expectations.
* Option C: Implementing additional controls is a response to the risk assessment results, but not the first thing that the organization should do. Controls are the measures that are designed and implemented to prevent or reduce the occurrence or impact of the risks, threats, and vulnerabilities, and to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system and the data.
* Option D: Updating the risk register is a part of the risk assessment process, but not the first thing that the organization should do. A risk register is a tool that documents and tracks the identified risks, their characteristics, their status, and their responses, and it should be updated regularly to reflect the current risk profile and exposure of the system and the data. References = Risk and Information Systems Control Study Manual, 7th Edition, ISACA, 2020, p. 108.

Section: Volume B
Explanation:
The Identified risks and potential responses are documented in the risk register. A risk register is an inventory of risks and exposure associated with those risks. Risks are commonly found in project management practices, and provide information to identify, analyze, and manage risks. Typically a risk register contains:
* A description of the risk
* The impact should this event actually occur
* The probability of its occurrence
* Risk Score (the multiplication of Probability and Impact)
* A summary of the planned response should the event occur
* A summary of the mitigation (the actions taken in advance to reduce the probability and/or impact of the event)
* Ranking of risks by Risk Score so as to highlight the highest priority risks to all involved.
Incorrect Answers:
B: This is not a valid choice for this question
C: The project management plan is the parent of the risk management plan, but the best choice is the risk register.
D: The risk management plan is an input to the risk response planning, but it is not the best choice for this question