Preventive controls are the best types of controls to minimize the risk associated with a vulnerability, because they aim to avoid or reduce the occurrence of a threat or an exploit. Preventive controls can include physical, technical, or administrative measures, such as locks, firewalls, encryption, policies, training, or backup.
Preventive controls can also involve eliminating or substituting the source of the vulnerability, such as outdated software or hardware.
References
*ISACA CRISC Review Manual, 7th Edition, Domain 3: Risk Response, Section 3.2.1: Control Types
*Hazard Controls - Princeton University
*Risk Control | Techniques and Importance of Risk Control - EDUCBA

Risk assessment is a key process that identifies, analyzes, and evaluates the risks associated with the implementation of an emerging technology. It helps to determine the potential impact and likelihood of the risks, as well as the appropriate risk responses and controls. Lack of risk assessment can lead to poor decision making, inadequate risk mitigation, and unexpected consequences. Therefore, it should be of greatest concern to a risk practitioner reviewing the implementation of an emerging technology. References = Risk and Information Systems Control Study Manual, Chapter 5, Section 5.2.1, p. 226-227

The areas to address first when classifying and prioritizing risk responses are those with high cost effectiveness ratios and high risk levels, as they represent the most optimal and urgent risk responses that can reduce the risk exposure and impact significantly with a reasonable cost. The other options are not the areas to address first, as they may indicate suboptimal or less urgent risk responses that may not align with the risk tolerance and appetite of the organization. References = CRISC Review Manual, 7th Edition, page 109.

The organization's information security manager is responsible for IT security controls that are outsourced to an external service provider. The information security manager is accountable for ensuring that the security policies and standards of the organization are followed by the service provider, and that the security objectives and requirements are met. The information security manager is also responsible for monitoring and evaluating the security performance and compliance of the service provider, and for managing the security risks and incidents that may arise from the outsourcing arrangement. The organization's risk function, the service provider's IT management, and the service provider's information security manager are not responsible for IT security controls that are outsourced, as they have different roles and responsibilities in the outsourcing process. References = Risk and Information Systems Control Study Manual, 7th Edition, Chapter
5, Section 5.2.1.2, page 2461
1: ISACA Certified in Risk and Information Systems Control (CRISC) Exam Guide, Answer to Question
651.

Enterprise IT risk management is the process of identifying, analyzing, evaluating, and treating the IT-related risks that may affect the organization's objectives, operations, or assets1. Enterprise IT risk management should be aligned with the organization's overall riskmanagement framework and strategy, and support the organization's value creation and protection2.
When evaluating enterprise IT risk management, it is most important to confirm the organization's risk appetite and tolerance. Risk appetite is the amount and type of risk that an organization is willing to take in order to meet its strategic objectives3. Risk tolerance is the acceptable level of variation that an organization is willing to accept around its risk appetite4. By confirming the organization's risk appetite and tolerance, the evaluation can:
Ensure that the enterprise IT risk management is consistent and compatible with the organization's risk culture and vision Provide clear and measurable criteria and boundaries for assessing and prioritizing the IT risks and their impacts Guide the selection and implementation of the appropriate risk responses and controls that balance the costs and benefits of risk mitigation Enable the monitoring and reporting of the IT risk performance and outcomes, and the adjustment of the IT risk strategy and objectives as needed5 References = Enterprise IT Risk Management - ISACA, Enterprise Risk Management - Wikipedia, Risk Appetite - COSO, Risk Tolerance - COSO, Risk Appetite and Tolerance - IRM