Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a security vulnerability typically found in web applications. XSS enables attackers to inject malicious scripts into otherwise benign and trusted websites. When other users load the infected pages, the malicious scripts execute, which can lead to unauthorized access, data theft, and a variety of other malicious outcomes.
Reference = While I can't provide direct references from the Cybersecurity Audit Manual, the concept of XSS and its implications are well-documented in cybersecurity literature, including resources provided by ISACA1. For a detailed understanding, you may refer to the ISACA Cybersecurity Audit Certificate resources or other ISACA study materials.

HTTPS, or Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol, is an extension of HTTP that is protected by encryption via Transport Layer Security (TLS). This protocol ensures secure communication over a computer network by encrypting the data exchanged between a web server and a web browser, thereby protecting the integrity and confidentiality of the transmitted data.
Reference = While I cannot provide direct references from the Cybersecurity Audit Manual, the definition and workings of HTTPS are well-established in cybersecurity resources. HTTPS uses TLS (formerly SSL) to secure the data transfer, which is a fundamental concept covered in various cybersecurity literature, including ISACA's materials123. For detailed information, please refer to the official ISACA resources and study guides.

Strong data loss prevention (DLP) solutions help protect information in all states: at rest, in transit and in use. This is because DLP solutions are technologies or tools that help to prevent unauthorized or accidental disclosure, modification, or deletion of sensitive or confidential information by users or applications. DLP solutions help to protect information in all states, by applying different types of controls or mechanisms depending on the state of the information. For example, DLP solutions can protect information at rest by encrypting or masking the data stored on devices or media; protect information in transit by inspecting or filtering the data transmitted over networks or channels; and protect information in use by restricting or monitoring the access or usage of the data by users or applications. The other options are not states that strong data loss prevention (DLP) solutions help protect information in, but rather different levels (B), classifications C, or actions (D) that are related to information security.

The greatest concern for an IS auditor when a VPN is implemented on employees' personal mobile devices would likely be B. Users may store the data in plain text on their mobile devices. This is because storing sensitive data in plain text can lead to security breaches if the device is lost, stolen, or compromised.
Detailed Step by Step Explanation:
Data at Rest: Personal devices often lack the same level of security as corporate devices, making stored data more vulnerable.
Device Loss or Theft: Personal devices are more likely to be lost or stolen, and if data is stored in plain text, it could be easily accessed.
Compliance and Data Protection: Storing data in plain text may violate compliance requirements and data protection laws, which mandate encryption of sensitive information.