Forensics refers to the application of scientific methods and protocols to the investigation of crimes.
Although forensics has traditionally been applied to well-known criminal proceedings and investigations, the term equally applies to digital investigations and methods. Although the other answers provide similar- sounding terms and ideas, none is the appropriate answer in this case.

Explanation
The main problem when it comes to data discovery is the quality of the data that analysis is being performed against. Data that is malformed, incorrectly stored or labeled, or incomplete makes it very difficult to use analytical tools against.