Which of the following data protection methodologies maintains the ability to connect back values to the original values?

Along with humidity, temperature is crucial to a data center for optimal operations and protection of equipment.
Which of the following is the optimal temperature range as set by ASHRAE?

You work for a government research facility. Your organization often shares data with other government research organizations.
You would like to create a single sign-on experience across the organizations, where users at each organization can sign in with the user ID/authentication issued by that organization, then access research data in all the other organizations.
Instead of replicating the data stores of each organization at every other organization (which is one way of accomplishing this goal), you instead want every user to have access to each organization's specific storage resources.
If you don't use cross-certification, what other model can you implement for this purpose?
Response:

Which of the following best describes SAML?
Response:

During which stage of the SDLC process should security be consulted and begin its initial involvement?