CISSP Exam Question 66
In biometric identification systems, at the beginning, it was soon apparent that truly positive identification could only be based on physical attributes of a person. This raised the necessity of answering 2 questions :
Correct Answer: B
Today implementation of fast, accurate reliable and user-acceptable biometric identification systems is already taking place. Unique physical attributes or behavior of a person are used for that purpose. From: TIPTON, Harold F. & KRAUSE, MICKI, Information Security Management Handbook, 4th Edition, Volume 1, Page 7
CISSP Exam Question 67
What is the MOST important step in business continuity planning?
Correct Answer: C
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
In order to develop the in business continuity planning (BCP), the scope of the project must be determined and agreed upon. This involves some distinct milestones including Conduct the business impact analysis (BIA). The BIA helps to identify and prioritize critical IT systems and components.
Incorrect Answers:
A: Risk assessment is part of the business continuity planning, but it is less important compared to the BIA.
B: Due care is not the most important to the business continuity planning. Due care concerns using reasonable care to protect the interests of an organization.
D: Due diligence is A factor for continuity planning. Due diligence is an investigation of a business or person prior to signing a contract, or an act with a certain standard of care.
References:
Conrad, Eric, Seth Misenar and Joshua Feldman, CISSP Study Guide, 2nd Edition, Syngress, Waltham,
2012, p. 356
Explanation:
In order to develop the in business continuity planning (BCP), the scope of the project must be determined and agreed upon. This involves some distinct milestones including Conduct the business impact analysis (BIA). The BIA helps to identify and prioritize critical IT systems and components.
Incorrect Answers:
A: Risk assessment is part of the business continuity planning, but it is less important compared to the BIA.
B: Due care is not the most important to the business continuity planning. Due care concerns using reasonable care to protect the interests of an organization.
D: Due diligence is A factor for continuity planning. Due diligence is an investigation of a business or person prior to signing a contract, or an act with a certain standard of care.
References:
Conrad, Eric, Seth Misenar and Joshua Feldman, CISSP Study Guide, 2nd Edition, Syngress, Waltham,
2012, p. 356
CISSP Exam Question 68
NO: 87
What can best be described as a domain of trust that shares a single security policy and single management?
What can best be described as a domain of trust that shares a single security policy and single management?
Correct Answer: B
A security domain is a domain of trust that shares a single security policy and single management.
The term security domain just builds upon the definition of domain by adding the fact that resources within this logical structure (domain) are working under the same security policy and managed by the same group.
So, a network administrator may put all of the accounting personnel, computers, and network resources in Domain 1 and all of the management personnel, computers, and network resources in Domain 2. These items fall into these individual containers because they not only carry out similar types of business functions, but also, and more importantly, have the same type of trust level. It is this common trust level that allows entities to be managed by one single security policy.
The different domains are separated by logical boundaries, such as firewalls with ACLs, directory services making access decisions, and objects that have their own ACLs indicating which individuals and groups can carry out operations on them.
All of these security mechanisms are examples of components that enforce the security policy for each domain. Domains can be architected in a hierarchical manner that dictates the relationship between the different domains and the ways in which subjects within the different domains can communicate. Subjects can access resources in domains of equal or lower trust levels.
The following are incorrect answers:
The reference monitor is an abstract machine which must mediate all access to subjects to objects, be protected from modification, be verifiable as correct, and is always invoked.
Concept that defines a set of design requirements of a reference validation mechanism
(security kernel), which enforces an access control policy over subjects' (processes, users) ability to perform operations (read, write, execute) on objects (files, resources) on a system. The reference monitor components must be small enough to test properly and be tamperproof.
The security kernel is the hardware, firmware and software elements of a trusted computing base that implement the reference monitor concept.
The security perimeter includes the security kernel as well as other security-related system functions that are within the boundary of the trusted computing base. System elements that are outside of the security perimeter need not be trusted. not every process and resource falls within the TCB, so some of these components fall outside of an imaginary boundary referred to as the security perimeter. A security perimeter is a boundary that divides the trusted from the untrusted. For the system to stay in a secure and trusted state, precise communication standards must be developed to ensure that when a component within the
TCB needs to communicate with a component outside the TCB, the communication cannot expose the system to unexpected security compromises. This type of communication is handled and controlled through interfaces.
Reference(s) used for this question:
Harris, Shon (2012-10-25). CISSP All-in-One Exam Guide, 6th Edition (Kindle Locations
2 8548-28550). McGraw-Hill. Kindle Edition.
Harris, Shon (2012-10-25). CISSP All-in-One Exam Guide, 6th Edition (Kindle Locations
7 873-7877). McGraw-Hill. Kindle Edition.
Harris, Shon (2012-10-25). CISSP All-in-One Exam Guide, 6th Edition , Access Control,
Page 214-217
Schneiter, Andrew (2013-04-15). Official (ISC)2 Guide to the CISSP CBK, Third Edition :
Security Architecture and Design (Kindle Locations 1280-1283). . Kindle Edition.
TIPTON, Hal, (ISC)2, Introduction to the CISSP Exam presentation.
AIO 6th edition chapter 3 access control page 214-217 defines Security domains.
Reference monitor, Security Kernel, and Security Parameter are defined in Chapter 4,
Security Architecture and Design.
The term security domain just builds upon the definition of domain by adding the fact that resources within this logical structure (domain) are working under the same security policy and managed by the same group.
So, a network administrator may put all of the accounting personnel, computers, and network resources in Domain 1 and all of the management personnel, computers, and network resources in Domain 2. These items fall into these individual containers because they not only carry out similar types of business functions, but also, and more importantly, have the same type of trust level. It is this common trust level that allows entities to be managed by one single security policy.
The different domains are separated by logical boundaries, such as firewalls with ACLs, directory services making access decisions, and objects that have their own ACLs indicating which individuals and groups can carry out operations on them.
All of these security mechanisms are examples of components that enforce the security policy for each domain. Domains can be architected in a hierarchical manner that dictates the relationship between the different domains and the ways in which subjects within the different domains can communicate. Subjects can access resources in domains of equal or lower trust levels.
The following are incorrect answers:
The reference monitor is an abstract machine which must mediate all access to subjects to objects, be protected from modification, be verifiable as correct, and is always invoked.
Concept that defines a set of design requirements of a reference validation mechanism
(security kernel), which enforces an access control policy over subjects' (processes, users) ability to perform operations (read, write, execute) on objects (files, resources) on a system. The reference monitor components must be small enough to test properly and be tamperproof.
The security kernel is the hardware, firmware and software elements of a trusted computing base that implement the reference monitor concept.
The security perimeter includes the security kernel as well as other security-related system functions that are within the boundary of the trusted computing base. System elements that are outside of the security perimeter need not be trusted. not every process and resource falls within the TCB, so some of these components fall outside of an imaginary boundary referred to as the security perimeter. A security perimeter is a boundary that divides the trusted from the untrusted. For the system to stay in a secure and trusted state, precise communication standards must be developed to ensure that when a component within the
TCB needs to communicate with a component outside the TCB, the communication cannot expose the system to unexpected security compromises. This type of communication is handled and controlled through interfaces.
Reference(s) used for this question:
Harris, Shon (2012-10-25). CISSP All-in-One Exam Guide, 6th Edition (Kindle Locations
2 8548-28550). McGraw-Hill. Kindle Edition.
Harris, Shon (2012-10-25). CISSP All-in-One Exam Guide, 6th Edition (Kindle Locations
7 873-7877). McGraw-Hill. Kindle Edition.
Harris, Shon (2012-10-25). CISSP All-in-One Exam Guide, 6th Edition , Access Control,
Page 214-217
Schneiter, Andrew (2013-04-15). Official (ISC)2 Guide to the CISSP CBK, Third Edition :
Security Architecture and Design (Kindle Locations 1280-1283). . Kindle Edition.
TIPTON, Hal, (ISC)2, Introduction to the CISSP Exam presentation.
AIO 6th edition chapter 3 access control page 214-217 defines Security domains.
Reference monitor, Security Kernel, and Security Parameter are defined in Chapter 4,
Security Architecture and Design.
CISSP Exam Question 69
Which of the following is true about digital certificate?
Correct Answer: B
Digital certificate helps others verify that the public keys presented by users are genuine and valid. It is a form of Electronic credential proving that the person the certificate was issued to is who they claim to be.
The certificate is used to identify the certificate holder when conducting electronic transactions.
It is issued by a certification authority (CA). It contains the name of an organization or individual, the business address, a serial number, expiration dates, a copy of the certificate holder's public key (used for encrypting messages), and the digital signature of the certificate-issuing authority so that a recipient can verify that the certificate is real. Some digital certificates conform to a standard, X.509. Digital certificates can be kept in registries so that authenticating users can look up other users' public keys.
Digital certificates are key to the PKI process. The digital certificate serves two roles. First, it ensures the integrity of the public key and makes sure that the key remains unchanged and in a valid state. Second, it validates that the public key is tied to the stated owner and that all associated information is true and correct. The information needed to accomplish these goals is added into the digital certificate.
A Certificate Authority (CA) is an entity trusted by one or more users as an authority in a network that issues, revokes, and manages digital certificates.
A Registration Authority (RA) performs certificate registration services on behalf of a CA.
The RA, a single purpose server, is responsible for the accuracy of the information contained in a certificate request. The RA is also expected to perform user validation before issuing a certificate request.
A Digital Certificate is not like same as a digital signature, they are two different things, a digital Signature is created by using your Private key to encrypt a message digest and a
Digital Certificate is issued by a trusted third party who vouch for your identity.
There are many other third parties which are providing Digital Certifictes and not just
Verisign, RSA.
Reference(s) used for this question:
Hernandez CISSP, Steven (2012-12-21). Official (ISC)2 Guide to the CISSP CBK, Third
Edition ((ISC)2 Press) (Kindle Locations 14894-14903). Auerbach Publications. Kindle
Edition.
Gregg, Michael; Haines, Billy (2012-02-16). CASP: CompTIA Advanced Security
Practitioner Study Guide Authorized Courseware: Exam CAS-001 (p. 24). Wiley. Kindle
Edition.
Please refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_certificate
What is Digital certificate:
http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci211947,00.html another deifination on http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/digital_certificate.html
The certificate is used to identify the certificate holder when conducting electronic transactions.
It is issued by a certification authority (CA). It contains the name of an organization or individual, the business address, a serial number, expiration dates, a copy of the certificate holder's public key (used for encrypting messages), and the digital signature of the certificate-issuing authority so that a recipient can verify that the certificate is real. Some digital certificates conform to a standard, X.509. Digital certificates can be kept in registries so that authenticating users can look up other users' public keys.
Digital certificates are key to the PKI process. The digital certificate serves two roles. First, it ensures the integrity of the public key and makes sure that the key remains unchanged and in a valid state. Second, it validates that the public key is tied to the stated owner and that all associated information is true and correct. The information needed to accomplish these goals is added into the digital certificate.
A Certificate Authority (CA) is an entity trusted by one or more users as an authority in a network that issues, revokes, and manages digital certificates.
A Registration Authority (RA) performs certificate registration services on behalf of a CA.
The RA, a single purpose server, is responsible for the accuracy of the information contained in a certificate request. The RA is also expected to perform user validation before issuing a certificate request.
A Digital Certificate is not like same as a digital signature, they are two different things, a digital Signature is created by using your Private key to encrypt a message digest and a
Digital Certificate is issued by a trusted third party who vouch for your identity.
There are many other third parties which are providing Digital Certifictes and not just
Verisign, RSA.
Reference(s) used for this question:
Hernandez CISSP, Steven (2012-12-21). Official (ISC)2 Guide to the CISSP CBK, Third
Edition ((ISC)2 Press) (Kindle Locations 14894-14903). Auerbach Publications. Kindle
Edition.
Gregg, Michael; Haines, Billy (2012-02-16). CASP: CompTIA Advanced Security
Practitioner Study Guide Authorized Courseware: Exam CAS-001 (p. 24). Wiley. Kindle
Edition.
Please refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_certificate
What is Digital certificate:
http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci211947,00.html another deifination on http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/digital_certificate.html
CISSP Exam Question 70
Which of the following type of cryptography is used when both parties use the same key to communicate securely with each other?
Correct Answer: A
Symmetric-key algorithms are a class of algorithms for cryptography that use the same cryptographic keys for both encryption of plaintext (sender) and decryption of ciphertext (receiver). The keys may be identical, in practice, they represent a shared secret between two or more parties that can be used to maintain a private information link.
This requirement that both parties have access to the secret key is one of the main drawbacks of symmetric key encryption, in comparison to public-key encryption. This is also known as secret key encryption. In symmetric key cryptography, each end of the conversation must have the same key or they cannot decrypt the message sent to them by the other party.
Symmetric key crypto is very fast but more difficult to manage due to the need to distribute the key in a secure means to all parts needing to decrypt the data. There is no key management built within Symmetric crypto.
PKI provides CIA - Confidentiality (Through encryption) Integrity (By guaranteeing that the message hasn't change in transit) and Authentication (Non-repudiation). Symmetric key crypto provides mostly Confidentiality.
The following answers are incorrect:
- PKI - Public Key Infrastructure: This is the opposite of symmetric key crypto. Each side in
PKI has their own private key and public key. What one key encrypt the other one can decrypt. You make use of the receiver public key to communicate securely with a remote user. The receiver will use their matching private key to decrypt the data.
- Diffie-Hellman: Sorry, this is an asymmetric key technique. It is used for key agreement over an insecure network such as the Internet. It allows two parties who has never met to negotiate a secret key over an insecure network while preventing Man-In-The-Middle
(MITM) attacks.
- DSS - Digital Signature Standard: Sorry, this is an asymmetric key technique.
The following reference(s) was used to create this question:
To learn more about this topics and 100% of the Security+ CBK, subscribe to our Holistic
Computer Based Tutorial (CBT) on our Learning Management System
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric-key_algorithm
This requirement that both parties have access to the secret key is one of the main drawbacks of symmetric key encryption, in comparison to public-key encryption. This is also known as secret key encryption. In symmetric key cryptography, each end of the conversation must have the same key or they cannot decrypt the message sent to them by the other party.
Symmetric key crypto is very fast but more difficult to manage due to the need to distribute the key in a secure means to all parts needing to decrypt the data. There is no key management built within Symmetric crypto.
PKI provides CIA - Confidentiality (Through encryption) Integrity (By guaranteeing that the message hasn't change in transit) and Authentication (Non-repudiation). Symmetric key crypto provides mostly Confidentiality.
The following answers are incorrect:
- PKI - Public Key Infrastructure: This is the opposite of symmetric key crypto. Each side in
PKI has their own private key and public key. What one key encrypt the other one can decrypt. You make use of the receiver public key to communicate securely with a remote user. The receiver will use their matching private key to decrypt the data.
- Diffie-Hellman: Sorry, this is an asymmetric key technique. It is used for key agreement over an insecure network such as the Internet. It allows two parties who has never met to negotiate a secret key over an insecure network while preventing Man-In-The-Middle
(MITM) attacks.
- DSS - Digital Signature Standard: Sorry, this is an asymmetric key technique.
The following reference(s) was used to create this question:
To learn more about this topics and 100% of the Security+ CBK, subscribe to our Holistic
Computer Based Tutorial (CBT) on our Learning Management System
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric-key_algorithm
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