Section: Network and Telecommunications
Explanation/Reference:
In many organizations, the HTTP proxy is used as a means to implement content filtering, for instance, by logging or blocking traffic that has been defined as, or is assumed to be nonbusiness related for some reason.
Although filtering on a proxy server or firewall as part of a layered defense can be quite effective to prevent, for instance, virus infections (though it should never be the only protection against viruses), it will be only moderately effective in preventing access to unauthorized services (such as certain remote-access services or file sharing), as well as preventing the download of unwanted content. HTTP Tunneling.
HTTP tunneling is technically a misuse of the protocol on the part of the designer of such tunneling applications. It has become a popular feature with the rise of the first streaming video and audio applications and has been implemented into many applications that have a market need to bypass user policy restrictions.
Usually, HTTP tunneling is applied by encapsulating outgoing traffic from an application in an HTTP request and incoming traffic in a response. This is usually not done to circumvent security, but rather, to be compatible with existing firewall rules and allow an application to function through a firewall without the need to apply special rules, or additional configurations.
The following are incorrect choices:
Virus Detection A proxy is not best at detection malware and viruses within content. A antivirus product would be use for that purpose.
URL blocking This would be a subset of Proxying, based on the content some URL's may be blocked by the proxy but it is not doing filtering based on URL addresses only. This is not the BEST answer.
Route blocking This is a function that would be done by Intrusion Detection and Intrusion prevention system and not the proxy. This could be done by filtering devices such as Firewalls and Routers as well. Again, not the best choice.
Reference(s) used for this question:
Hernandez CISSP, Steven (2012-12-21). Official (ISC)2 Guide to the CISSP CBK, Third Edition ((ISC)2 Press) (Kindle Locations 6195-6201). Auerbach Publications. Kindle Edition.

Explanation/Reference:
Source: TIPTON, Harold F. & KRAUSE, MICKI, Information Security Management Handbook, 4th Edition, Volume 2, 2001, CRC Press, NY, Page 33.

Once an intrusion into your organization's information system has been detected, the first action that needs to be performed is determining to what extent systems and data are compromised (if they really are), and then take action.
This is the good old saying: "Do not cry wolf until you know there is a wolf for sure" Sometimes it smells like a wolf, it looks like a wolf, but it may not be a wolf. Technical problems or bad hardware might cause problems that looks like an intrusion even thou it might not be. You must make sure that a crime has in fact been committed before implementing your reaction plan.
Information, as collected and interpreted through analysis, is key to your decisions and actions while executing response procedures. This first analysis will provide information such as what attacks were used, what systems and data were accessed by the intruder, what the intruder did after obtaining access and what the intruder is currently doing (if the intrusion has not been contained).
The next step is to communicate with relevant parties who need to be made aware of the intrusion in a timely manner so they can fulfil their responsibilities.
Step three is concerned with collecting and protecting all information about the compromised systems and causes of the intrusion. It must be carefully collected, labelled, catalogued, and securely stored.
Containing the intrusion, where tactical actions are performed to stop the intruder's access, limit the extent of the intrusion, and prevent the intruder from causing further damage, comes next.
Since it is more a long-term goal, eliminating all means of intruder access can only be achieved last, by implementing an ongoing security improvement process.
Reference used for this question:
ALLEN, Julia H., The CERT Guide to System and Network Security Practices, Addison-Wesley, 2001, Chapter 7: Responding to Intrusions (pages 271-289).

Section: Access Control
Explanation/Reference:
These factors cover the integrity, confidentiality, and availability components of information system security.
Integrity is important in access control as it relates to ensuring only authorized subjects can make changes to objects.
Authenticity is different from authentication. Authenticity pertains to something being authentic, not necessarily having a direct correlation to access control.
Confidentiality is pertinent to access control in that the access to sensitive information is controlled to protect confidentiality.
vailability is protected by access controls in that if an attacket attempts to disrupt availability they would first need access.
Source: KRUTZ, Ronald L. & VINES, Russel D., The CISSP Prep Guide: Mastering the Ten Domains of Computer Security, 2001, John Wiley & Sons, Page 49.