Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-tables-distribute

Watermark Delay indicates the delay of the streaming data processing job.
There are a number of resource constraints that can cause the streaming pipeline to slow down. The watermark delay metric can rise due to:
Not enough processing resources in Stream Analytics to handle the volume of input events. To scale up resources, see Understand and adjust Streaming Units.
Not enough throughput within the input event brokers, so they are throttled. For possible solutions, see Automatically scale up Azure Event Hubs throughput units.
Output sinks are not provisioned with enough capacity, so they are throttled. The possible solutions vary widely based on the flavor of output service being used.
Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/stream-analytics/stream-analytics-time-handling

Virtual network rules are one firewall security feature that controls whether the database server for your single databases and elastic pool in Azure SQL Database or for your databases in SQL Data Warehouse accepts communications that are sent from particular subnets in virtual networks.
Server-level, not database-level: Each virtual network rule applies to your whole Azure SQL Database server, not just to one particular database on the server. In other words, virtual network rule applies at the serverlevel, not at the database-level.
Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/sql-database/sql-database-vnet-service-endpoint-rule-overview