Explanation:

Generally speaking, data analytics comes in four types (Figure 1):
Descriptive, to answer the question: What's happening?
Diagnostic, to answer the question: Why's happening?
Predictive, to answer the question: What will happen?
Prescriptive, to answer the question: What actions should we take?

Explanation

Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/security/fundamentals/infrastructure-sql

Reference:
https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/answering-whats-happening-whys-happening-and-what-will-happen-with-iot-analytics/