(A) Because the child's appetite is capricious at best, regular servings may be overwhelming. Praise the child for what is eaten. (B) The child will soon learn that procedures follow meals and may play with food rather than eat it to avoid or delay the procedure. (C) Young children usually do not like highly seasoned foods and may need the security of usual foods. Such a change may actually increase anorexia. (D) Small servings appear more achievable to the child, and the inclusion of favorite foods can add a sense of security.

(A) If the client is experiencing water satiety, there is no more desire for water. (B)
Absorption of saline into circulation rather than into amniotic sac increases serum sodium and desire for water. (C) Edema can be a late side effect caused by water intoxication. (D) Diabetes insipidus occurs as a result of deficient antidiuretic hormone.

Section: Questions Set B
Explanation:
(A) Educating the child about the pain may lessen anxiety. The child should be prepared for a potentially painful procedure but avoid suggesting pain. The nurse should allow the child his own sensory perception and evaluation of the procedure. (B) The nurse should avoid absolute descriptive statements and allow the child his own perception of the procedure. (C) The nurse should avoid evaluative statements or descriptions and give the child control in describing his reactions. (D) False statements regarding a painful procedure will cause a loss of trust between the child and the nurse.

(A) Fluids up to 2500-3000 mL/day are needed to prevent kidney stones. (B) The client should be instructed to take oral preparations with meals or snacks to lessen gastric irritation. (C) Sulfasalazine causes skin rash and diarrhea. (D) Blood pressure and pulse are not altered by sulfasalazine.

Section: Questions Set C
Explanation:
(A) Elevation of head on nonoperative side would be the position for the late postoperative period. (B) Positioning on operative side puts pressure on the suture lines and on the shunt valve. Elevation of head in immediate postoperative period may cause rapid reduction of cerebrospinal fluid. (C) Placement on operative side puts pressure on the suture lines and shunt valve. (D) Flat position on nonoperative side in the immediate postoperative period prevents pressure on shunt valve and rapid reduction in cerebrospinal fluid.