Section: Questions Set F
Explanation:
(A) A frankfurter is a high-fat meat on the diabetic exchange list. (B) Ham is a medium-fat meat on the diabetic exchange list, unless it is a center-cut slice. (C) One strip of bacon equals onefatexchange rather than ameatexchange. Dietary substitutions should occur within exchange lists and not between exchange lists. (D) Diabetic meat-exchange lists are categorized into lean meat foods, medium-fat meats, and high-fat meats.
Cottage cheese (dry, 2% butterfat), one-fourth cup, can substitute for one lean-meat exchange.

Section: Questions Set A
Explanation:
(A) Sodium enters the edema fluid in the burned area, lowering the sodium content of the vascular fluid.
Hyponatremia may continue for days to several weeks because of sodium loss to edema, sodium shifting into the cells, and later, diuresis. (B) Hypocalcemia occurs because of calcium loss to edema fluid at the burned site (third space fluid). (C) Protein loss occurs at the burn site owing to increased capillary permeability. Serum protein levels remain low until healing occurs. (D) Hematocrit level is elevated owing to hemoconcentration from hypovolemia. Anemia is present in the postburn stage owing to blood loss and hemolysis, but it cannot be assessed until the client is adequately hydrated.

(A) A lower postoperative infection has been documented as a result of laser therapy versus routine surgery. (B) Clients will still need preoperative sedation to facilitate anxiety reduction. (C) Operating time may actually increase in some laser surgeries. (D) The client must still be observed for postoperative complications.

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
(A) Adequate renal flow of 30 mL/hr is a necessity with potassium infusions because potassium is excreted renally. (B) Because potassium level will decrease during correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, potassium will be infused even if plasma levels of potassium are normal. (C) A small T wave is normal and desired on the electrocardiogram. A tall, peaked T-wave could indicate overinfusion of potassium and hyperkalemia.
(D) Glucose levels of <200 are desirable.

Section: Questions Set B
Explanation:
(A) Saline should be warmed; waiting 15 minutes may not keep the cord moist. (B) This choice does not specify what the sponge was "wet" with. (C) This measure would stop circulation to the fetus. (D) The cord should be kept warm and moist to maintain fetal circulation. This measure is an accepted nursing action.