(A)
Sonography can be used to determine the presence of multiple gestation. In this question, the sonogram is used as a preparatory step for a specific invasive procedure. (B) Sonography can be used to determine the presence of gross anomalies. In this question, the sonogram is used as a preparatory step for a specific invasive procedure. (C) Prior to amniocentesis, the abdomen is scanned by ultrasound to locate the placenta, thus reducing the possibility of penetrating it with the spinal needle used to obtain amniotic fluid.
(D)
Sonography can be used to determine fetal age. In this question, the sonogram is used
as a preparatory step for a specific invasive procedure.

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
(A) Succinylcholine chloride relaxes muscles and decreases the intensity of the seizure. (B) Succinylcholine chloride does not relieve anxiety. (C) Atropine is given to reduce secretions. (D) Thiamylal sodium (Surital) or other phenobarbital preparations are used as brief anesthetics.

Explanation
(A) Wiping from front to back is wiping from an area of lesser contamination (urethra) to an area of greater contamination (rectum). (B) Generous fluid intake reduces the concentration of urine. (C) Cotton is a natural, absorbent fabric. Nylon often predisposes the client to urinary tract infections. Dark, warm, moist areas are excellent media for bacterial growth. (D) With vesicoureteral reflux, urine refluxes into the ureter(s) during voiding and then returns to the bladder (residual), which becomes a source for future infection.

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
(A) A contraindication for ECT is a space-occupying lesion such as a brain tumor. During ECT, intracranial pressure increases. Therefore, ECT would not be prescribed for a client whose intracranial pressure is already elevated. (B) Any cardiac dysrhythmias or complications that arise during ECT are usually attributed to the IV anesthetics used, not to preexisting cardiac structural conditions. (C) Musculoskeletal injuries during ECT are extremely rare because of the IV use of centrally acting muscle relaxers. (D) A history of any kind of infection would not contraindicate the use of ECT. In fact, concurrent treatment of infections with ECT is not uncommon.

Section: Questions Set F
Explanation:
(A) Presenting behaviors collectively are inconsistent with depression. (B) A preillness weight loss of 30%, lanugo, and cessation of menses are inconsistent with bulimia. (C) Symptoms and vital signs do not indicate the presence of infection. (D) All symptoms and vital signs are consistent with anorexia nervosa.