Section: Questions Set D
Explanation:
The nurse appropriately states how he or she feels when the client speaks in a condescending manner. (B) This statement indicates that the client has control over the nurse. No one makes another person angry; each individual has a choice. (C) "Why" questions usually put a person on the defensive. In addition, the client cannot "make" the nurse angry. The client does not have that control. (D) Again, a "why" statement places the client on the defensive.

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
(A) The AIDS virus cannot be transmitted to the donor through the blood donation procedure. (B) The test for the AIDS virus is not absolutely foolproof; therefore, it is not wise for a person with known risk factors to donate blood. (C) It takes time for antibodies to the AIDS virus to develop. An infected individual could donate contaminated blood without it testing positive for the virus. (D) For reasons of confidentiality, information about individuals infected with AIDS is not made public.

Section: Questions Set E
Explanation:
(A) Relief of pain is the primary goal of nursing intervention because this client is experiencing acute pain. (B) Fluid volume deficit is being treated with IV fluid replacement. (C) Knowledge deficit will not be addressed at this time because a client in acute pain is not ready to learn. (D) Alteration in nutrition is the third priority after relief of pain and fluid volume deficit.

(A) The nurse should discourage the child from coughing, clearing the throat, or putting objects in his mouth. These may induce bleeding. (B) Cool, clear liquids may be given when child is fully alert. Warm liquids may dislodge a blood clot. The nurse should avoid red- or brown-colored liquids to distinguish fresh or old blood from ingested liquid should the child vomit. (C) Gargles and vigorous toothbrushing could initiate bleeding. (D) Postoperative hemorrhage, though unusual, may occur. The nurse should observe for bleeding by looking directly into the throat and for vomiting of bright red blood, continuous swallowing, and changes in vital signs.

(A)
A toddler is not capable of conceptualizing about the inside of his body and is concerned about body intactness; therefore, diagrams would not be useful. Also, the previous evening is too far from the procedure for the toddler to remember the instructions.
(B)
A simple explanation the morning of the procedure is the best developmental strategy to use, because it focuses on the toddler's need for parental support, body intactness, and short attention span. (C) A relationship between the nurse and the child needs to develop. Also, misinformation may be given to the child if the parents explain the procedure to the child. (D) The parents are the child's support system and need to be there to strengthen the child.