The Fair Housing Act prohibits discrimination in housing based on disability. Federal courts and HUD have consistently ruled that HIV/AIDS qualifies as a disability under the Act.
"The Fair Housing Act prohibits discrimination in housing based on disability, including HIV/AIDS."
- U.S. Department of Justice; HUD Fair Housing Act Overview
References:
HUD, Housing Discrimination and Persons with HIV/AIDS
DOJ, The Fair Housing Act

The Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA, Regulation X) applies specifically to loans secured by a
1-4 family residential property (owner-occupied or investment) made by lenders, brokers, or others involved in real estate settlement services. RESPA does not cover auto loans, student loans, or commercial real estate loans.
"RESPA covers loans secured with a mortgage placed on a one-to-four family residential property, including most purchase loans, assumptions, refinances, property improvement loans, and equity lines of credit."
- Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB): Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (Regulation X) Thus, of the choices provided, only residential real estate loans are covered by RESPA.
References:
CFPB, "Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (Regulation X)"
SAFE MLO National Test Study Guide
HUD, "RESPA FAQs"

Under ECOA, a creditor may decline a loan based on an applicant's inability to repay, as demonstrated by verified income and other underwriting criteria. It is illegal to consider race, receipt of public assistance, or exercise of consumer rights as a basis for denial.
"A creditor may consider verified income in evaluating creditworthiness. Discrimination based on race, public assistance, or exercise of rights under the Consumer Credit Protection Act is prohibited."
- 12 CFR § 1002.6, Regulation B (ECOA)
References:
CFPB, ECOA Credit Evaluation
SAFE MLO National Test Study Guide

Under Regulation Z, which implements the Truth in Lending Act (TILA), creditors offering Adjustable-Rate Mortgages (ARM) are required to provide disclosures that fully describe each variable-rate loan program in which the consumer expresses interest. These disclosures must explain:
* How the interest rate and payment could change over time
* The frequency of rate changes
* The index used to determine the rate
* Potential caps and limits on rate increases
These disclosures ensure transparency and protect consumers from unexpected payment shocks.
Other loan types:
* FHA loans (B) follow fixed or ARM terms, but the requirement for variable-rate disclosure is specific to ARMs.
* Fixed-rate loans (C) don't have variable rates, so they don't require such detailed disclosures.
* Construction loans (D) may involve different terms but aren't subject to this particular requirement.
References:
Truth in Lending Act (TILA), specifically for Adjustable-Rate Mortgages
12 CFR Part 1026, Regulation Z

FHA insurance protects the lender if the borrower defaults on the mortgage. The FHA pays a claim to the lender for losses incurred due to non-payment.
"FHA insurance protects the lender against losses if a homeowner defaults on their mortgage."
- HUD, What is FHA Mortgage Insurance?
References:
HUD, FHA Mortgage Insurance