In a stressful situation, it is crucial for the project manager to establish a productive environment where team members can support each other. This approach aligns with the principles of team management in the PMBOK, which emphasizes the importance of a collaborative project team environment that facilitates individual and team learning and development, as well as optimal contributions to deliver desired outcomes1. Additionally, the PMI's tips on managing stress suggest fostering an environment where team members can rotate duties and assist each other, which can help sustain productivity and reduce stress2.
Reference:
PMBOK Guide - Seventh Edition3
Pro Tips: How to Manage Stress - Project Management Institute2
12 Principles of Project Management1

When a key project deliverable is discovered to be unbudgeted, the project manager should first meet with the team to discuss alternatives. This collaborative approach is recommended as it involves the team in problem- solving and may lead to innovative solutions that the project manager alone might not consider. It is also aligned with the principles of the PMBOKGuide, which emphasizes engaging with the team and stakeholders to address project challenges.
: The answer is verified by discussions found in PMP exam-related forums and aligns with the principles outlined in the PMBOKGuide and the Professional in Business Analysis Reference Materials12.

In the event of an unexpected leave, it is important to collaborate with the product owner to reassess and reprioritize the sprint backlog. This approach aligns with the principles of Agile and Scrum methodologies, which emphasize flexibility and adaptability in response to changes. The project lead should avoid forcing the developer to postpone their leave (Option A) or hastily arranging for a replacement (Option B), as these actions may not align with the team's values or long-term productivity. Instead, by working with the product owner, the project lead can ensure that the most critical tasks are addressed and that the team's workflow is not disrupted. This may involve reassigning tasks among the remaining team members or adjusting the sprint goals to accommodate the change in capacity. Reference: (Based on the Agile principles and Scrum guidelines as outlined in PMI's resources12345.)

The best approach for a project manager to engage a global project team, especially when travel is not an option, is to invest in a virtual collaboration/colocation environment. This allows for real-time communication, collaboration, and the building of team dynamics in a virtual space. It supports the creation of a shared workspace where documents, tools, and information can be accessed and worked on collaboratively, thus fostering a sense of team unity and improving productivity.
: = The PMP Examination Content Outline1 and the PMBOK Guide2 both emphasize the importance of using technology to enhance project communication and collaboration. The Professional in Business Analysis Reference Materials also support the use of virtual environments to manage project teams effectively3.

Before escalating or logging an issue, the project manager should take a proactive leadership role and engage directly with the new leader. This conversation allows for alignment of expectations and identification of any process or communication issues that can be resolved collaboratively. This approach is consistent with stakeholder engagement best practices.
Option A postpones corrective action and risks further delays.
Option B escalates prematurely, which may harm collaboration.
Option C is a planning tactic, but not a resolution to the current delay.
Reference:
PMBOK Guide - Seventh Edition, Stakeholder Engagement and Team Performance Domains PMBOK Guide - Sixth Edition, Section 13.3: Manage Stakeholder Engagement
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