Under the Protection of Homeowners in Foreclosure Act (PHIFA), Maryland provides enhanced civil remedies to consumers harmed by foreclosure consultants' unlawful practices. For intentional (willful) violations, a consumer who brings a private action may recover treble (three times) the actual damages, along with reasonable attorney's fees and costs. This heightened remedy is designed to deter predatory conduct in distressed-homeowner contexts and is taught in the Maryland pre-licensing course under the state- specific consumer protection and license law sections.
References:
Maryland Real Property Article, Title 7, Subtitle 3 (PHIFA) - Civil remedies for violations (treble damages for intentional violations and attorney's fees).
Maryland 60-Hour Principles & Practices Course - Maryland License Law / Consumer Protection Module (PHIFA remedies).

Interest is the cost of borrowing money, expressed as a rate applied to the outstanding principal. Principal is the loan amount itself. Discount points are prepaid finance charges used to adjust the loan's yield/interest rate. Usury refers to charging an illegally high interest rate, not the ordinary charge itself.
References: Maryland 60-Hour Course: "Real Estate Financing" (principal, interest, points; cost of funds; APR concepts).

In the pre-licensing curriculum's "Interests in Real Estate" module, a life estate is defined as a freehold estate measured by the life of a specified individual (often the grantee). The life tenant holds present possessory rights until death, at which point the estate terminates automatically and either reverts to the original grantor (reversion) or passes to a named third party (remainder).
* A fee simple estate (absolute) is of potentially infinite duration and does not end at a person's death by its terms.
* A homestead estate is a statutory protection for a primary residence, not a conveyance measured by life.
* A leasehold estate is a non-freehold estate with a definite term held by a tenant, not measured by a life.
References (Course Outline/Study Topics):
Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course - "Interests in Real Estate" (Life Estates: life tenant rights, reversion, remainder; freehold vs. non-freehold estates).

Under Maryland Agency Law (Business Occupations and Professions Article, Title 17, Subtitle 5), a listing agent represents the seller and owes the seller the fiduciary duties of loyalty, obedience, disclosure, confidentiality, reasonable care, and accounting.
A primary fiduciary obligation is to promote the interests of the client at all times during the transaction, as outlined in the Maryland Real Estate Commission's Agency Disclosure materials.
While the listing agent must disclose all material facts to all parties (facts that affect value or desirability), the agent's duty of loyalty and advocacy is owed to the seller client.
Therefore, the correct answer is that a listing agent must promote the client's interests throughout the entire transaction.
Reference:
Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course - "Real Estate Brokerage and the Law of Agency" Module Md. Business Occupations and Professions Article, Title 17, 17-532 - Duties of a Licensee Representing a Seller or Landlord.

The standard net-to-seller calculation is:
Net to seller = Sales price × (100% # commission rate) # closing costs.
Thus, the missing element is Sales price. (Commission is calculated on the sales price, then other seller-paid closing costs are subtracted to arrive at net.) Reference: Maryland pre-licensing curriculum - Math for Real Estate (seller net sheets; computing commission and net proceeds).