Which two statement are acceptable for a developer to use Inside procedural loops?

A developer wrote a unit test to confirm that a custom exception works properly in a custom controller, but the test failed due to an exception being thrown.
Which step should the developer take to resolve the issue and properly test the exception?

What would a developer do to update a picklist field on related Opportunity records when a modification to the associated Account record is detected?

An org has an existing Visual Flow that creates an Opportunity with an Update records element. A developer must update the Visual Flow also created a Contact and store the created Contact's ID on the Opportunity.

How can a developer set up a debug log on a specific user?