In a VisualForce page with a VisualForce component that has rendered set to false when the page loads, how can a developer ensure it will show on a re-render?

As part of a custom development, a developer creates a Lightning Component to show how a particular opportunity progresses over time. The component must display the date stamp when any of the following fields change:
* Amount Probability, Stage, or Close Date
What is the most efficient way to Query such information?

An Apex trigger and Apex class increment a counter, Edit_Count_c, any time that the Case is changed.

A new process on the case object was just created in production for when a Case is created or updated< since the process was created, they are reports that the Count is being incremented by more than one on Case edit.
Which change in the Apex code will fix the problem?
A)

B)

C)

D)

A business process requires sending new Account records to an external system. The Account Name, Id, CreatedDate. and CreatedByld must be passed to the external system in near real-time when an Account is Inserted without error.
How should a developer achieve this?

A developer is writing code that requires making callouts to an external web service. Which scenario necessitates that the callout be made in an @future method?