A UI Action is a button, link, or choice that can be clicked by a user to perform an action, such as submitting a form or running a script. The following are UI Action types:
List choice. This is a UI Action that appears as a choice list on a list of records. It can be used to perform an action on multiple records at once, such as deleting or updating them.
Form button. This is a UI Action that appears as a button on a form. It can be used to perform an action on the current record, such as saving or approving it.
List banner button. This is a UI Action that appears as a button on the banner of a list of records. It can be used to perform an action on the entire list, such as exporting or printing it.
The following is not a UI Action type:
Form choice. This is not a UI Action type, but a field type. A form choice is a field that displays a choice list on a form. It can be used to select a value from a predefined set of options, such as priority or state. Reference: UI Actions, Field Types

"Schema map: Provides a graphical representation of the relationships between tables."
https://docs.servicenow.com/bundle/tokyo-platform-administration/page/administer/table-administration/concept

When creating a table in a privately-scoped application, four Access Controls are automatically created for the table. These Access Controls define the permissions for the four basic operations on the table: Create, Delete, Read, and Write. The Create operation allows the user to create new records on the table. The Delete operation allows the user to delete existing records on the table. The Read operation allows the user to view the records on the table. The Write operation allows the user to modify the records on the table. By default, these Access Controls grant access to the admin role and the application scope. You can modify or delete these Access Controls as needed.
The other options are not valid Access Controls for a table. Insert, Query, and Update are not operations, but methods of the GlideRecord class that are used to manipulate records on the server-side. They are not part of the Access Control rules.
References:
[Access Control rules]
Create a table in a scoped application
[GlideRecord methods]

https://developer.servicenow.com/dev.do#!/learn/courses/sandiego/app_store_learnv2_learnmore_sandiego_learn_more/app_store_learnv2_learnmore_sandiego_form_and_list_layouts/app_store_learnv2_learnmore_sandiego_what_is_form_designer The Form Designer is a tool that allows you to create and customize forms on the ServiceNow platform. The Form Designer has four main components:
Form layout: The form layout shows the preview of the form and allows you to drag and drop fields, sections, and related lists onto the form. You can also resize, reorder, and delete the elements on the form layout.
Page header: The page header shows the name of the table and the form that you are editing. You can also access the form properties, save the form, and switch to the form view from the page header.
Field navigator: The field navigator shows the list of available fields for the table and allows you to search, filter, and add fields to the form. You can also create new fields and edit existing fields from the field navigator.
Schema map: The schema map is not part of the Form Designer. The schema map is a separate tool that shows the relationships between tables and fields on the platform. You can access the schema map from the System Definition > Tables module or from the context menu of a table.
References:
[Form Designer]
[Schema map]

Catalog Client Scripts and Catalog UI Policies are the client-side scripts that apply to Record Producers. Catalog Client Scripts allow you to add or modify functionality on a catalog item or record producer form. Catalog UI Policies dynamically change information on a catalog item or record producer form. UI Scripts, UI Actions, Client Scripts, and UI Policies do not apply to Record Producers. Reference: Catalog client scripts, Catalog UI policies