To use key pair authentication in Snowflake, you need to set the public key for the user. This allows the user to authenticate using their private key.
* Generate Key Pair:Generate a public and private key pair.
* Set Public Key:
ALTER USER jsmith SET RSA_PUBLIC_KEY='MIIBIjANBgkqh...';
* Authentication:The user can now authenticate by signing requests with the corresponding private key.
References:
* Snowflake Documentation: Key Pair Authentication & Key Rotation
* Snowflake Documentation: ALTER USER

The Fail-safe period for a transient table in Snowflake, regardless of the edition (including Enterprise edition and higher), is 0 days. Fail-safe is a data protection feature that provides additional retention beyond the Time Travel period for recovering data in case of accidental deletion or corruption. However, transient tables are designed for temporary or short-term use and do not benefit from the Fail-safe feature, meaning that once their Time Travel period expires, data cannot be recovered.
References:
* Snowflake Documentation: Understanding Fail-safe

Snowflake implements Discretionary Access Control (DAC) by using a role-based access control model. In this model, access privileges are not directly assigned to individual objects or users but are encapsulated within roles. These roles are then assigned to users, effectively granting them the access privileges contained within the role. This approach allows for granular control over database access, making it easier to manage permissions in a scalable and flexible manner.
References: Snowflake Documentation on Access Control

When an external stage is dropped in Snowflake, the reference to the external storage location is removed, but the actual files within the external storage (like Amazon S3, Google Cloud Storage, or Microsoft Azure) are not deleted. This means that the data remains intact in the external storage location, and only the stage object in Snowflake is removed.
On the other hand, when an internal stage is dropped, any files that were uploaded to the stage are deleted along with the stage itself. These files are not recoverable once the internal stage is dropped, as they are permanently removed from Snowflake's storage.
References:
* [COF-C02] SnowPro Core Certification Exam Study Guide
* Snowflake Documentation on Stages