According to the Splunk Lantern article Resolving flapping detectors in Splunk Infrastructure Monitoring, flapping is a phenomenon where alerts fire and clear repeatedly in a short period of time, due to the signal fluctuating around the threshold value. To reduce flapping, the article suggests the following ways:
Configure a duration or percent of duration for the alert: This means that you require the signal to stay above or below the threshold for a certain amount of time or percentage of time before triggering an alert. This can help filter out noise and focus on more persistent issues.
Apply a smoothing transformation (like a rolling mean) to the input data for the detector: This means that you replace the original signal with the average of its last several values, where you can specify the window length. This can reduce the impact of a single extreme observation and make the signal less fluctuating.

According to the Splunk Test Blueprint - O11y Cloud Metrics User document1, one of the metrics concepts that is covered in the exam is analytic functions. Analytic functions are mathematical operations that can be applied to metrics to transform, aggregate, or analyze them.
The Splunk O11y Cloud Certified Metrics User Track document2 states that one of the recommended courses for preparing for the exam is Introduction to Splunk Infrastructure Monitoring, which covers the basics of metrics monitoring and visualization.
In the Introduction to Splunk Infrastructure Monitoring course, there is a section on Analytic Functions, which explains that analytic functions can be used to perform calculations on metrics, such as sum, average, min, max, count, etc. The document also provides examples of how to use analytic functions in charts and dashboards.
One of the analytic functions that can be used is Sum Aggregation, which calculates the sum of values present in the input time series across the entire environment or per group. The document gives an example of how to use Sum Aggregation to calculate the total CPU usage across all hosts in a group by using the following syntax:
sum(cpu.utilization) by hostgroup

The chart visualization types that are unaffected by changing the time picker on a dashboard are:
Single Value: A single value chart shows the current value of a metric or an expression. It does not depend on the time range of the dashboard, but only on the data resolution and rollup function of the chart1 List: A list chart shows the values of a metric or an expression for each dimension value in a table format. It does not depend on the time range of the dashboard, but only on the data resolution and rollup function of the chart2 Therefore, the correct answer is A and D.
To learn more about how to use different chart visualization types in Splunk Observability Cloud, you can refer to this documentation3.
1: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/gdi/metrics/charts.html#Single-value 2: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/gdi/metrics/charts.html#List 3: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/gdi/metrics/charts.html

The correct answer is D. Each data marker represents the sum of API calls in the hour leading up to the data marker.
The metric demo.trans.count is a cumulative counter metric, which means that it represents the total number of API calls since the start of the measurement. A cumulative counter metric can be used to measure the rate of change or the sum of events over a time period1 The chart below shows the metric demo.trans.count with a one-hour rollup and a line chart type. A rollup is a way to aggregate data points over a specified time interval, such as one hour, to reduce the number of data points displayed on a chart. A line chart type connects the data points with a line to show the trend of the metric over time2 Each data marker on the chart represents the sum of API calls in the hour leading up to the data marker. This is because the rollup function for cumulative counter metrics is sum by default, which means that it adds up all the data points in each time interval. For example, the data marker at 10:00 AM shows the sum of API calls from 9:00 AM to 10:00 AM3 To learn more about how to use metrics and charts in Splunk Observability Cloud, you can refer to these documentations123.
1: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/gdi/metrics/metrics.html#Metric-types 2: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/gdi/metrics/charts.html#Data-resolution-and-rollups-in-charts 3: https://docs.splunk.com/Observability/gdi/metrics/charts.html#Rollup-functions-for-metric-types

The correct answers are A and D.
According to the Splunk Test Blueprint - O11y Cloud Metrics User document1, one of the alerting concepts that is covered in the exam is detectors and alerts. Detectors are the objects that define the conditions for generating alerts, and alerts are the notifications that are sent when those conditions are met.
The Splunk O11y Cloud Certified Metrics User Track document2 states that one of the recommended courses for preparing for the exam is Alerting with Detectors, which covers how to create, modify, and manage detectors and alerts.
In the Alerting with Detectors course, there is a section on Cloning Detectors, which explains that cloning a detector creates a copy of the detector with all its settings, rules, and alert recipients. The document also provides some reasons why you might want to clone a detector, such as:
To modify the rules without affecting the existing detector. This can be useful if you want to test different thresholds or conditions before applying them to the original detector.
To explore how a detector was created without risk of changing it. This can be helpful if you want to learn from an existing detector or use it as a template for creating a new one.
Therefore, based on these documents, we can conclude that A and D are accurate reasons to clone a detector. B and C are not valid reasons because:
Cloning a detector does not reduce the amount of billed TAPM for the detector. TAPM stands for Tracked Active Problem Metric, which is a metric that has been alerted on by a detector. Cloning a detector does not change the number of TAPM that are generated by the original detector or the clone.
Cloning a detector does not add an additional recipient to the detector's alerts. Cloning a detector copies the alert recipients from the original detector, but it does not add any new ones. To add an additional recipient to a detector's alerts, you need to edit the alert settings of the detector.