Cancellation, per Virginia Code § 38.2-3106 (life) and § 38.2-3508 (health), is the voluntary termination of a policy by the insured or insurer. Options A, B, and C aren't standard terms for this action in Virginia insurance law. The study guide defines cancellation as a deliberate act, distinct from lapse (nonpayment) or nonrenewal, making D the correct term.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:
* The proof of loss is a formal statement of a claim, and standard health insurance policies require it within 90 days of the loss (C), unless the policy specifies otherwise or state law extends it.
* Options A (30 days) and B (60 days) are too short for most policies, while D (120 days) exceeds the typical requirement.
The Virginia study guide aligns with the NAIC model laws, stating that proof of loss must typically be filed within 90 days of the loss, though insurers may accept later submissions if not prejudicial. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Health InsuranceClaims Provisions."

Virginia Code § 38.2-3500 et seq. allows health insurance policies to include riders-supplemental agreements modifying coverage or terms (e.g., adding dental benefits or exclusions). Option D (rider) is the standard term. Option A (limit clause) isn't a distinct attachment; limits are within thepolicy. Option B (attachment) is vague and not insurance-specific. Option C (insuring clause) is the core promise of coverage, not an alteration. The study guide likely defines riders with examples-e.g., a maternity rider increasing premiums-distinguishing them from policy staples, confirming D as the answer.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:
* In a PPO, using a non-PPO provider (out-of-network) leads to higher out-of-pocket expenses (A) due to lower reimbursement rates and potential excess charges.
* Option B (full cost) is inaccurate; some coverage applies. Option C (100% reimbursement) is false.
Option D (waiting period) is unrelated.
The Virginia study guide reiterates that PPOs cover out-of-network care but at a reduced level, increasing the insured's costs compared to in-network use. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Managed Care Plans."

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:
* The accumulation period (D) is the phase in a deferred annuity where premiums are paid to build value before payouts begin.
* The liquidation period (A) is not a standard term here; it might imply payout but isn't correct.
* The annuity period (B) is when payments are received, not paid.
* Period certain (C) refers to a payout option, not premium payment phase.
The Virginia study guide defines the accumulation period as the time during which premium payments are made into a deferred annuity, accumulating value until the payout phase. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Annuities."