The compliance officer should perform the first step of reviewing the institution's risk assessment before implementing any changes to the customer onboarding program. The risk assessment is a key component of the AML compliance program, as it identifies and measures the institution's exposure to money laundering and terrorist financingrisks. The risk assessment should be updated regularly and reflect the institution's products, services, customers, geographic locations, and delivery channels. By reviewing the risk assessment, the compliance officer can determine the adequacy and effectiveness of the current customer onboarding program and identify any gaps or weaknesses that need to be addressed. The compliance officer can also benchmark the institution's risk assessment against the regulatory expectations and best practices in the industry.
The other steps are also important, but they should be performed after the risk assessment review. Revising training materials for frontline staff, conducting enhanced due diligence on high risk customers, and resolving substantive discrepancies in customer verification are all part of the customer onboarding program, but they depend on the risk assessment to provide the appropriate level of controls and procedures. For example, the training materials should reflect the risk assessment results and the revised customer onboarding policies. The enhanced due diligence should be applied to customers who pose a higher risk according to the risk assessment criteria. The customer verification should be consistent with the risk assessment and the customer identification program.
:
AML KYC Onboarding Lifecycle Process Flow | Guide - AdvisoryHQ
New EBA AML Guidelines on the use of Remote Customer Onboarding Solutions - Bird & Bird KYC Onboarding Process 2023 - AML requirements - Sumsub Review of any AML/CFT program begins with the Risk Based Approached. It should first check the internal system to identify risk factors and design program accordingly.

According to the FATF Recommendation 10, financial institutions should conduct ongoing due diligence on the business relationship and scrutiny of transactions undertaken throughout the course of that relationship to ensure that the transactions being conducted are consistent with the institution's knowledge of the customer, their business and risk profile, including, where necessary, the source of funds. This is one of the core measures of customer due diligence (CDD) that aim to prevent and detect money laundering and terrorist financing risks.: = The main reference for this question is the document titled "International Standards on Combating Money Laundering and the Financing of Terrorism & Proliferation - The FATF Recommendations" published by the FATF in February 2018. You can access it by clicking here. You can also find more information about the CDD measures and the risk-based approach on the FATF website, the CFATF website, the Central Bank of Ireland website, and the Medium blog.

Aneffective AML programbalancesalert accuracy and operational efficiency.
Option D (Correct):The true positive vs. false positive ratio reflects the efficiency and accuracy of an AML transaction monitoring system.
Option A (Incorrect):The number of alerts does not indicate system effectiveness-many could be false positives.
Option B (Incorrect):Clients exiting for commercial reasons are unrelated to AML efficiency.
Option C (Incorrect):Tracking high-risk customer onboarding is important but does not measure AML effectiveness.
Best Practices for Measuring AML Effectiveness:
Monitor system efficiency through alert validation metrics.
Reduce false positives while maintaining regulatory compliance.
Enhance machine learning and AI models for transaction monitoring.
Reference:
FATF Guidance on AML Effectiveness Metrics
Basel Committee's Guidelines on AML Performance Measurement
Wolfsberg Group Best Practices for AML System Optimization

The correct answer is B, as a customer acceptance policy is an essential element of KYC standards according to the Basel Committee's Customer Due Diligence for Bankspaper1. A customer acceptance policy defines the types of customers that the bank is willing to accept, and the conditions and limitations that apply to such relationships. A customer acceptance policy helps the bank to avoid customers who are likely to pose a higher than average risk of money laundering or terrorist financing, or who are not willing to provide sufficient information for identification and verification purposes1.: 1: Customer due diligence for banks - Bank for International Settlements, page 9.
Reference:https://www.bis.org/publ/bcbs77.pdf

While this behavior may warrant scrutiny in certain circumstances, it is not inherently suspicious or indicative of money laundering. In contrast, the other behaviors listed (living beyond one's means, excessive unresolved exceptions, and using company resources for personal gain) may suggest that an employee is engaging in or facilitating money laundering activity.