According to the ACAMS Study Guide, 6th Edition, page 184, "The decision to close an account should be made in consultation with the institution's legal counsel and AML compliance officer, and in accordance with the institution's policies and procedures." Closing an account may not always be the best option, as it may trigger the customer's suspicion, interfere with law enforcement investigations, or expose the institution to legal risks. Therefore, the institution should carefully weigh the pros and cons of closing an account, and follow its own internal guidelines.
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ACAMS Study Guide, 6th Edition, page 184
What steps should the institution take? - Exam4Training
Suspicious Transaction Report (STR) / Suspicious Activity Report (SAR) | AML-CFT

International cooperation is essentialinAML investigations, and theEgmont GroupfacilitatesFIU-to-FIU information sharing.
Option D (Correct):Egmont Group memberscan request and share information forAML/CFT investigations.
Option A (Incorrect):Sovereigntydoes not preventcooperationunder proper agreements.
Option B (Incorrect):AML laws allowdata sharing under legal frameworkslikeMutual Legal Assistance Treaties (MLATs).
Option C (Incorrect):Information sharing isrestricted to FIUs and authorized agencies, notall organizations.
Reference:FATF Recommendation 40 (International Cooperation), Egmont Group FIU Guidelines, Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (MLATs).

According to the CDD Rule, covered financial institutions must establish and maintain written procedures that are reasonably designed to identify and verify beneficial owners of legal entity customers and to include such procedures in their anti-money laundering compliance program1. These procedures should also be updated as necessary to reflect changes in the law or the institution's risk profile2. Moreover, the institution should provide adequate training to its employees on the new requirements and monitor their compliance3.
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1: FinCEN Guidance, FIN-2020-G002, August 3, 2020, p. 1
2: Your responsibilities under money laundering supervision - GOV.UK, Section: Customer due diligence requirements
3: Customer identification: Know your customer (KYC) | AUSTRAC, Section: Training and awareness

A money remittance business will most likely attract money launderers because it deals primarily in cash transactions, engages in international transactions, and conducts transactions for walk-in customers. These factors make money remittance businesses vulnerable to money laundering risks, such as:
* Cash transactions: Cash is the preferred medium of exchange for money launderers, as it is anonymous, untraceable, and easily convertible. Money remittance businesses often deal with large amounts of cash, which can be used to place, layer, or integrate illicit funds into the financial system. Cash transactions also pose challenges for customer identification, record keeping, and transaction monitoring.
* International transactions: Money remittance businesses facilitate cross-border transfers of funds, which can be used to move illicit funds from one jurisdiction to another, or to obscure the origin, destination, or purpose of the funds. International transactions also involve exposure to different legal, regulatory, and cultural environments, which may create inconsistencies or gaps in anti-money laundering (AML) and counter-terrorism financing (CTF) standards and practices.
* Walk-in customers: Money remittance businesses often serve walk-in customers, who may not have an established relationship with the business, or who may use false or incomplete identification documents. Walk-in customers also increase the volume and complexity of transactions, which may make it difficult to detect suspicious or unusual activity, or to apply risk-based due diligence measures.
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ACAMS CAMS Certification Video Training Course1, Module 2: Money Laundering Risks and Methods, Lesson 2.3: Money Laundering Risks and Methods by Sector ACAMS CAMS Study Guide, 6th Edition2, Chapter 2: Money Laundering Risks and Methods, Section 2.3:
Money Laundering Risks and Methods by Sector, pp. 37-38
ACAMS CAMS Examination Preparation Seminar, 6th Edition3, Chapter 2: Money Laundering Risks and Methods, Section 2.3: Money Laundering Risks and Methods by Sector, Slide 16

The U.S. Department of the Treasury Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) administers and enforces economic and trade sanctions based on U.S. foreign policy and national security goals. OFAC publishes lists of individuals and entities that are subject to various sanctions programs, such as the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List (SDN List), the Sectoral Sanctions Identifications List (SSI List), and the Foreign Sanctions Evaders List (FSE List). These lists are updated frequently and can be accessed through OFAC's website or other sources12.
The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is an inter-governmental body that sets standards and promotes effective implementation of legal, regulatory and operational measures for combating money laundering, terrorist financing and other related threats to the integrity of the international financial system. FATF publishes lists of jurisdictions that have strategic deficiencies in their anti-money laundering and counter- terrorist financing (AML/CTF) regimes, and calls on its members and other countries to apply enhanced due diligence or counter-measures to protect themselves from the risks emanating from these jurisdictions. These lists are updated periodically and can be accessed through FATF's website or other sources34.
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1: CAMS Certification Package - 6th Edition | ACAMS, Chapter 3: Sanctions, p. 63-64 2: U.S. Department of theTreasury Office of Foreign Assets Control, https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/financial-sanctions 3:
CAMS Certification Package - 6th Edition | ACAMS, Chapter 4: FATF Recommendations, p. 77-78 4:
Financial Action Task Force, http://www.fatf-gafi.org/countries/#high-risk Reference:https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/faqs/Sanctions/Pages/faq_lists.aspx#search