Financial Action Task Force (FATF)-style regional bodies (FSRBs) are organizations that associate countries from the same region or that face similar challenges to combat money laundering and terrorist financing.
FSRBs have the same objectives as the FATF, which are to set international standards and promote effective implementation of legal, regulatory and operational measures to prevent and combat money laundering and terrorist financing. One of the main functions of FSRBs is to provide technical assistance and training to their members in implementing the FATF recommendations, which are the global standards for anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing. FSRBs also conduct mutual evaluations of their members to assess their level of compliance with the FATF recommendations and provide follow-up reports and actions.
CAMS Study Guide, 6th Edition, Chapter 2, Section 2.11
Certification Candidate Handbook, Section 3.22
FATF website, About Us, FATF-StyleRegional Bodies3

Paying a large amount in cash for an art purchase is a typical red flag of potential money laundering, as it may indicate an attempt to avoid traceability and reporting requirements. Cash transactions are often used by criminals to launder illicit funds, as they are difficult to track and verify. According to the FATF guidance on money laundering and terrorist financing risks in the art trade, cash payments above a certain threshold should be subject to enhanced due diligence and reporting obligations by art market participants (AMPs). AMPs should also be wary of customers who provide insufficient or inconsistent information about the source of funds, the purpose of the transaction, or the identity of the beneficial owner.
References:
Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing Risks and Vulnerabilities Associated with Gold, FATF, July
2023, p. 22-23.
Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing Vulnerabilities of Legal Professionals, FATF, June 2023, p. 38-39.
Red Flags Money laundering and terrorist financing risks, Responsible Art Market, 2017, p. 2.

A lack of information about beneficial owners is a red flag for potential money laundering or terrorist financing. It is important to identify who the actual owners of the company are to understand their potential risk exposure.
Confusing details about the proposed business activity and lack of knowledge about the proposed business are also red flags for potential money laundering or terrorist financing. This could indicate that the proposed business activity is not legitimate and is being used to conceal illegal activities.
Therefore, these two observations should be escalated to the compliance officer for further investigation.

According to the Basel Committee's Customer Due Diligence for Banks paper, one of the essential elements of a sound KYC programme is customer identification. This includes obtaining sufficient information to understand the nature and purpose of thecustomer relationship, the source of funds, and the beneficial ownership and control structure of the customer1. For corporate business entities, this means that a bank needs to have an understanding of the structure of the company, such as its legal form, its ownership, its directors, its line of business, and its geographical locations2. This will help the bank to assess the risk profile of the customer, to verify its identity and legitimacy, and to monitor its transactions for any suspicious activities.
1: Customer due diligence for banks, Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, October 2001, Section III.
2 2: General Guide to Account Opening and Customer Identification, Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, February 2003, Section 2.2.1 Reference: https://www.bis.org/publ/bcbs77.pdf

Correspondent banking is a service that allows banks to access financial services in different jurisdictions through intermediary banks, known as correspondent banks. Correspondent banking can facilitate cross- border transactions, foreign exchange, and other financial activities for banks and their customers. However, correspondent banking also poses various risks, such as money laundering, terrorist financing, fraud, corruption, tax evasion, and sanctions evasion. Correspondent banks may have no direct relationship with the customers of the respondent banks, making it difficult to verify their identity and monitor their transactions.
Correspondent banks may also rely on the compliance programs of the respondent banks, which may not meet the standards of the correspondent banks' jurisdictions.
One of the risk factors that increases the risk for a correspondent bank is being a major service provider to money service businesses (MSBs). MSBs are entities that provide money transmission, currency exchange, check cashing, prepaid cards, and other similar services. MSBs are often considered high-risk customers, because they may serve as conduits for illicit funds, especially if they operate in jurisdictions with weak anti- money laundering regulations or oversight. MSBs may also have a large and diverse customer base, making it challenging to conduct customer due diligence and transaction monitoring. Therefore, correspondent banks that provide services to MSBs may face higher exposure to money laundering and other financial crimes, and may need to apply enhanced due diligence and risk mitigation measures.
Understanding Risk in Correspondent Banking
GUIDANCE ON CORRESPONDENT BANKING SERVICES
Correspondent Bank: Definition and How It Works
Correspondent banking - why it's important to understand the risks
Reference: https://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/documents/reports/Guidance-Correspondent-Banking- Services.pdf