Substantive law defines the legal relationship between individuals, including rights, duties, and legal obligations. It governs how people behave in society and outlines the legal consequences for certain actions.
Procedural law (A) refers to the methods and processes for enforcing substantive laws (e.g., court procedures).
Statutes suit (B) and Constructive law (D) are not standard legal classifications.
References:
ASIS PSP Study Guide - Legal Framework in Physical Security
POA Manual - Understanding Substantive vs. Procedural Law

Entrapment occurs when a law enforcement officer or someone acting in that capacity induces a person to commit a crime that they otherwise would not have committed. This can be a serious legal defense and may also apply to security officers acting beyond their scope by soliciting or encouraging unlawful behavior, especially if they're working closely with law enforcement.
Criminal liability (A) is too broad.
Wrongful death (B) and Verdict Act (C) are unrelated to this scenario.
References:
ASIS POA Manual - Criminal Law in Security Contexts
PSP Study Guide - Entrapment and Ethical Boundaries in Security

Private security refers to individuals or organizations that offer security-related services for compensation.
This includes both self-employed individuals (such as independent security consultants or contractors) and funded business entities (such as security companies or firms) that provide services to private clients for a fee.
These services may include guarding, patrolling, risk assessments, investigations, alarm monitoring, or other protective activities.
References:
ASIS International, Protection of Assets (POA) Manual, Chapter: Introduction to Physical Security ASIS International, Physical Security Principles (PSP) Study Guide, Domain 1: Physical Security Assessment ASIS Glossary of Security Terms: Private security is defined as "security services provided by individuals or organizations to specific clientele for compensation, distinct from public security services provided by government agencies."

While terrorism countermeasures can be part of a broader protective strategy, they are not a core element in every protective system. Effective protective systems are designed based on specific threats and assets and typically integrate:
Physical measures (barriers, lighting)
Procedural measures (policies, response plans)
Threat/asset/risk alignment (A)
Terrorism countermeasures are highly specialized and situational-they are not a universal element in all protective systems, particularly for facilities not at risk of terrorism.
References:
PSP Study Guide - Risk-Based Security Design
ASIS Guidelines - Integrated Security Systems

A non-delegable duty is a legal responsibility that cannot be entirely transferred to another party (such as an independent contractor) under agency law. While a company may hire third-party providers, the courts often hold that certain responsibilities-particularly those involving safety and legal compliance-remain with the hiring entity. This is particularly significant in the context of security services, where liability can still rest with the client company even if services are outsourced.
Delegable duty (B) is the opposite and not applicable in this context.
Non-Crime duty (C) is not a recognized legal term.
References:
ASIS POA Manual - Liability and Contract Law
PSP Study Guide - Legal Obligations in Contracted Security