"When using fiber connections for network cameras that lack onboard SFP slots, a midspan with an SFP slot is recommended. This device can accept the fiber connection, provide PoE power to the camera, and transmit data over standard Ethernet."
- Axis Communications, PoE Midspans and Network Accessories
"A PoE midspan with an SFP slot allows you to convert fiber to copper (Ethernet), power the camera via PoE, and handle data transmission all in one device."
- Axis Communications Academy, Network Video Fundamentals, 2022
References:
Axis Communications, PoE Midspans and Injectors
Axis Communications Academy, Network Video Fundamentals, 2022 (p. 75-76)

"NAT (Network Address Translation) is used to translate private IP addresses to public IP addresses, allowing devices on a private network to access resources on the public Internet."
- Axis Communications Academy, Network Video Fundamentals, 2022
"NAT is used in routers/firewalls to expose internal devices to the Internet."
- Axis Networking Basics Guide
References:
Axis Communications Academy, Network Video Fundamentals, 2022 (p. 52)
Axis Networking Basics Guide

"The human eye can detect light in the 400-700 nm range. Below 400 nm is ultraviolet, above 700 nm is infrared."
- Axis Communications Academy, Network Video Fundamentals, 2022
"Visible spectrum: 400-700 nm."
- Axis Technology Overview: Light and Imaging
References:
Axis Communications Academy, Network Video Fundamentals, 2022 (p. 17)
Axis Light and Imaging Overview

PTZ (Pan-Tilt-Zoom) cameras are typically used for applications such as autotracking, active gatekeeper, and guard tour. Autotracking allows the camera to follow moving objects within its field of view automatically.
Active gatekeeper enables the camera to move to a preset position when motion is detected in a specific area.
Guard tour is a function that allows the camera to patrol between preset positions at scheduled intervals.
These features enhance surveillance capabilities and are commonly implemented in PTZ cameras. Axis Communications' documentation on PTZ camera functionalities details these applications.

"An IP66 rating means the camera is dust-tight and protected against powerful jets of water from any direction, but not against submersion."
- Axis Communications Academy, Network Video Fundamentals, 2022
"IP66: Complete protection against dust and strong jets of water."
- Axis Camera Housing and Mounting Guide
References:
Axis Communications Academy, Network Video Fundamentals, 2022 (p. 82)
Axis Technical Note: IP Ratings