Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
Mounting APs above the ceiling can significantly degrade WLAN performance due to signal attenuation caused by ceiling materials and obstructions. If aesthetic requirements were not communicated during the initial requirements gathering, the current deployment does not align with the documented design specifications. The appropriate course of action is to inform the stakeholder that the WLAN performance requirements may not be met under the current installation and that a new design process is necessary to address the aesthetic constraints while ensuring optimal performance.
Reference: CWDP-305 Official Study Guide, Chapter on Post-Design ValidationandTroubleshooting

Centralized data forwarding means all wireless traffic is tunneled back to a central controller, which handles tasks such as filtering, firewalling, and policy enforcement.
From CWDP-305:
"Centralized data forwarding enables consistent policy enforcement and traffic filtering by handling all traffic at the controller rather than at individual APs." This approach provides better control and visibility, especially in environments with strict security and traffic management requirements.
- Reference: CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide, Chapter on Infrastructure Design

Detecting interference during a spectrum analysis walkthrough is a critical part of WLAN design. The appropriate action is to record the details using the spectrum analyzer's logging features or document it for later assessment.
From CWDP-305:
"When interferers are discovered during a walkthrough, they should be recorded and investigated. This documentation helps in adjusting AP placement, channel assignment, or applying mitigation strategies during the design process."
- Reference: CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide, Chapter on ProtocolandSpectrum Analysis

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
Locating 802.11 clients without dedicated tags relies on the clients actively transmitting signals.If a client's radio is disabled or the device is powered off, it will not emit any signals, making it impossible for the WLAN infrastructure to detect or locate it.While 802.11k support and RF channel selection can affect the accuracy and efficiency of location tracking, they do not prevent the basic ability to detect a client that is actively transmitting.
Reference: CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide, Chapter on Post-Design ValidationandTroubleshooting

In a centralized data forwarding architecture, Access Points (APs) tunnel all client traffic to the WLAN controller.The controller then processes this traffic and forwards it to the appropriate destination.During this process, the controller maps the Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) values from the client's IP packets to the appropriate IEEE 802.1Q priority tag values.This mapping ensures that Quality of Service (QoS) is maintained across the wired network, allowing switches and routers to prioritize traffic based on these tags.Cisco Reference: CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide, Chapter on Infrastructure Design