From the firewall access rules provided, Rule 1 allows traffic from 20.1.1.10 (GCP VM) to 20.1.1.1 using HTTPS. However, this destination is not the actual mail server-the mail server resides at 192.168.200.10 (inside network). Therefore:
A: Rule 1 must be updated to reflect the correct destination: 192.168.200.10. Without this change, traffic is not permitted to the mail server.
D: NAT (Network Address Translation) is needed to translate the external address (e.g., 20.1.1.10) to access internal addresses (like 192.168.200.10). As per SCAZT and Cisco firewall policies, NAT enables proper packet delivery from public to private zones.
Rule 2, which denies all other traffic, is correctly placed after the specific allow rule. Therefore, moving it (Option B) would not help, and Options C and E are unrelated to resolving the immediate firewall access and routing issue.
Reference: Designing and Implementing Secure Cloud Access for Users and Endpoints (SCAZT), Section 3:
Network and Cloud Security, Pages 72-77

The screenshot from Cisco Secure Cloud Analytics shows a Role Violation alert. According to the
"Supporting Observations" pane, the device with IP 10.201.0.15 is assigned the role of Domain Controller but has demonstrated traffic behavior matching an FTP client, connecting to ports 20, 21, 115, 152, 989, and 990.
This discrepancy triggered the alert.
Cisco SCAZT documentation emphasizes that devices acting outside their expected network roles (e.g., a domain controller acting as an FTP client) indicate potential compromise or misuse. Role-based anomaly detection is part of Visibility and Assurance mechanisms where baseline behaviors are continuously monitored and flagged when changes occur outside expected policy or operational norms.
Reference: Designing and Implementing Secure Cloud Access for Users and Endpoints (SCAZT), Section 5:
Visibility and Assurance, Pages 97-102.