Tracert is a command-line tool that traces the route of a packet from a source to a destination and displays the number of hops and the round-trip time for each hop. The output shown in the question is an example of a tracert output, which shows five hops with their IP addresses and hostnames (if available) and three latency measurements for each hop in milliseconds. Reference: https://partners.comptia.org/docs/default-source/resources/comptia-network-n10-008-exam-objectives-(2-0), https://www.lumen.com/help/en-us/network/traceroute/understanding-the-traceroute-output.html

EIGRP is an advanced distance vector routing protocol that is able to automatically update routing tables and also uses features of link-state routing protocols, such as the ability to send updates about the current topology of the network. EIGRP also has the ability to use a variety of algorithms to determine the best route for a packet to take, allowing for more efficient routing across the network.

A site survey is a process of testing and documenting the wireless coverage, performance, and interference in a specific area12.
A site survey can help identify the optimal locations, orientations, and configurations for the wireless access points (APs), antennas, and other devices12.
A site survey can also help troubleshoot issues related to latency and drops in coverage, by measuring the signal strength, noise level, channel utilization, and other factors that affect the wireless network quality12.
A site survey is usually performed before deploying a wireless network, but it can also be done after the deployment to verify the network performance or to diagnose any problems12.
A site survey is the FIRST step to troubleshoot the issues in this scenario, because it can provide a comprehensive overview of the wireless network status and reveal any potential causes of the issues12.
The other options are not the first step to troubleshoot the issues, because they are either more specific or less effective than a site survey:
B . Reviewing the AP placement is a part of a site survey, but it is not enough to troubleshoot the issues, because it does not account for other factors, such as interference, channel utilization, or signal attenuation12.
C . Monitoring channel utilization is a way to check the amount of traffic and congestion on a wireless channel, which can affect the latency and throughput of the wireless network3. However, it is not the first step to troubleshoot the issues, because it does not provide information about the signal strength, noise level, or AP placement12.
D . Testing cable attenuation is a way to measure the loss of signal power as it travels through a cable, which can affect the wireless network performance4. However, it is not the first step to troubleshoot the issues, because it only applies to the wired part of the network, and it does not account for other factors, such as interference, channel utilization, or AP placement12.
Reference:
1: Wireless Troubleshooting - N10-008 CompTIA Network+ : 5.4
2: CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Full Course for Beginners - Wireless Troubleshooting
3: Channel Utilization - N10-008 CompTIA Network+ : 3.3
4: Cable Testing - N10-008 CompTIA Network+ : 1.3

The firewall rules are set to deny any traffic from any source to specific destination IP addresses on any port.
The destination IP addresses are in different ranges, but one of them is in the multicast range of 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.25512.
The multicast range is used to send data to multiple recipients at once, such as streaming video or audio34.
The multicast server on the network is likely using an IP address in the multicast range to broadcast its data to the clients.
Therefore, the firewall rule that is most likely causing the issue is the one that denies any traffic to the IP address 232.1.4.9, which is in the multicast range.
The other rules are not likely to affect the multicast server, unless it is using one of those IP addresses as well.
Reference:
CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Study Guide, Chapter 2: Network Protocols and Services, page 51.
Professor Messer's CompTIA N10-008 Network+ Course Notes, Section 2.1: Common TCP and UDP Ports, page 15.
CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Study Guide, Chapter 2: Network Protocols and Services, pages 53-54.
Professor Messer's CompTIA N10-008 Network+ Training Course, Video 2.1: Common TCP and UDP Ports, 6.

NetFlow is a protocol that collects and analyzes network traffic data, such as source and destination IP addresses, ports, protocols, bytes, packets, and flows12.
NetFlow data can help identify the volume, type, and direction of network traffic, as well as the applications and hosts that are generating or consuming the most bandwidth12.
By collecting NetFlow data from the router, the network administrator can provide evidence to confirm that the recent network outages were caused by increased traffic from a specific application or host12.
Generating a network baseline report, exporting the firewall traffic logs, or plotting interface statistics for dropped packets may also provide some useful information, but they are not as specific or comprehensive as NetFlow data12. Reference:
1: CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Exam Cram, 6th Edition, Chapter 5: Network Traffic Analysis, p. 203-204
2: CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Cert Guide, 1st Edition, Chapter 9: Network Monitoring and Performance Optimization, p. 409-410