See the answer and solution below in Explanation
Explanation:

The end user can access local network shares and intranet pages, which means that the IP address and the subnet mask are configured correctly and the network interface is working properly.
However, the end user is unable to access the internet or remote resources, which means that there is a problem with the name resolution or the routing of the traffic.
The gateway address is responsible for routing the traffic to the destination network, which could be on the internet or another subnet. If the gateway address is incorrect, the end user would not be able to reach any network outside the local subnet.
The DNS servers are responsible for resolving the domain names to the IP addresses, which are needed to communicate with the internet or remote resources. If the DNS servers are incorrect, the end user would not be able to resolve the names of the websites or servers they want to access.
Therefore, the most likely cause of the connectivity issue is that the DNS servers need to be reconfigured with the correct addresses. Reference:
CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Study Guide, Chapter 2: Network Protocols and Services, Section 2.2: TCP/IP Suite, p. 76-77 Network+ N10-008 Practice Test, Question 359 CompTIA Network+ (N10-008) Performance-based Questions (PBQs), Part 1, 1:36

Port 25 is the port number that is commonly used for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), which is a protocol that allows sending and receiving email messages over a network1. Port 25 from the copier's IP address should be allowed so that scanned documents can be emailed to recipients.
Port 22 is the port number that is commonly used for Secure Shell (SSH), which is a protocol that allows secure and encrypted remote access and control of a device over a network1. Port 22 from the copier's IP address is not necessary for emailing scanned documents.
Port 53 is the port number that is commonly used for Domain Name System (DNS), which is a protocol that allows resolving domain names to IP addresses and vice versa on a network1. Port 53 from the copier's IP address is not necessary for emailing scanned documents.
Port 80 is the port number that is commonly used for Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which is a protocol that allows transferring web pages and other resources over a network1. Port 80 from the copier's IP address is not necessary for emailing scanned documents.

The users are unable to navigate to websites on the internet but can access local network resources, indicating a possible DNS issue. The ping command result showing "TTL expired in transit" suggests that packets are not reaching their destination due to a DNS misconfiguration that is not resolving website names into IP addresses correctly3. A possible solution is to check and correct the DNS server settings on the network devices4.

The correct port to open for mapping a network file share (such as SMB/CIFS) to a local drive is B. 445. Port 445 is used for Microsoft's SMB (Server Message Block) protocol, which facilitates file and printer sharing over a network.
Port 389: This is used for LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) communication.
Port 514: This is used for syslog traffic.
Port 636: This is used for secure LDAP (LDAPS) communication.
Port 445: This is the standard port for SMB/CIFS (Common Internet File System) traffic. It allows for file and printer sharing between Windows devices.
Reference:
CompTIA Network+ Certification Exam Objectives